The Whit in Machine Works, 

WHITINSVILLE. MASS. 




.NEW 



Chap. .A., .t 1 Copyright No... 
Shelf.5.C.2w.. 



UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 



_^^>(2>.<2j-!£^(2j^(2>^'®i-e^®^gs^ 



Cards, 

Railway Heady, 
Drawing Franks. 




I Wet & Dry Twisters 



Spinning Frances, 
spoolers, | 

Reels. 



LONG-CHAIN QUILLING MACHINES & LOOMS. 



• Knowles Loom Works,? 

PROVIDENCE, R. I. 



Jacquard and Dobby Department. 



i 



& 




% 



HJn WE HAKE A SPECIALTY OF 



Jacquards, Dobbies, Shedding Machines, Etc. I 






We build DOUBLE ACTION, RISE and DROP SHED, 
Upright or Horizontal LEVER DOBBIES and every 
style of JACQUARD. Also Looms for Plain Cotton, 
Woolen or Silk Goods. 

It will be for your interest to examine our machines. Send for circular. 



Knowles Loom Works, 

WORCESTER, MASS. 

Wooleo* * Cotton * &r?d # SilK * Dep&rtrpeots. 



4 




^ 

^ 



•• ©pen Sbeb jfanc^ Xooms 



-FOR- 



Worsteds. 
Woolens, 
Weft. 

Upbolstenj, 
DRESS GOODS. 
Curtains, 
Brocatelles, 
Draperies, 
Ingrain Carpets. 






LARGEST NUMBER 

OF 

AWARDS GIVEN TO ANY 

MANUFACTURERS 

AT 

TEXTILE MACHINERY 

TO THE 

WORLD'S COLUMBIAN 

EXPOSITION. 






Duck. 
Sheeting, 
Gio^banns, 
Checks. 

Webbing. 
SUSPENDERS. 
Silk Dress 6oods, 
furniture Coverings. 
Jute Goods. 



-AND EVERY KIND OE 



WOOLEN, COTTON AND SILK FABRIC. 




A 




THE /AAJSUAL OF REFERENCE 



^ OF THE 



textile * Mothers * of * Hmerica. 



-"^f~3> ' r gr~j> * : jji 



•:,- ' # ■ 



COMPILED BY 



T. P. CAHILL, Lawrence, Mass,, 



General Secretary 
of the National Union of Textile Workers of America. 




MANUAL OF RKKEKEXCE OF TEXTILE WORKEKi 






^ettile W or kers *' * 

Should be interested in all inventions that make 
their labor easier, cleaner or healthier. 

What is more unclean or unhealthy than the now 
necessary process of sucking tilling through a shuttle 
eye? 

We are introducing a loom which automatically 
threads the shuttle without labor on the part of the 
weaver. This loom also prevents damage to the cloth, 
caused by broken warp threads. 

It is well known that our latest warper saves strain 
on the yarn, preventing many breakages. Our spoolers 
are made of especial convenience for the help and 
spinning frames fitted with our spindles and rings run 
better than those in competition. 

It is our aim to prdouce machinery that will be of 
advantage both to the manufacturer and the employee. 
There are men still living who can remember when cot- 
ton mill operatives worked fourteen hours per day. 
Their wages were less per day than is paid at present. 
The use of improved machinery by its greater produc- 
tion have enabled manufacturers to run le^s hours and 
pay better wages. 

GEO. DRAPER & SONS, 

Hopedale, Mass. 
Sole agents for tbe = = * 

Sawyer Spindle Co. 

Hopedale Machine Co. 

Dutcher Temple Co. 

Northrop Loom Co. 



8><5 72*tf 



MANUAL OF LAISOK <>F TKXJ.II.K \V< IKK I.KS. 



^GREETING. 

TO THE TRADE. * 



We place this volume before the trade to enlist the eo-operation of the wholesale houses 
and manufacturers of supplies. We hope to place information regarding the trade that will 
be of vast use to intelligent mill operatives and broad minded employers, knowledge that 
will lead to a continuance of that harmonious spirit that should characterize both employers 
and employed, that both may receive the reward of their joint skill and industry. 

The advertisements in this book are evidences of friendship and aid to place this work 
before the textile operatives. 

All favors from patrons and friends will be appreciated and reciprocated by organized 
textile workers. 

Besides the United States and Canada this book will circulate this year in Denmark, 
Belgium, Holland, England, France and Austria. We are deeply indebted to E.J. Holmes 
of Accrington, England, Sec. of North East Lancashire, Amalgamation of Cotton Weavers, 
and Mr. William Brooks of Huddersfield, Yorkshire, England, for information bearing upon 
European wages. To those gentlemen and all others who by information and assistance 
helped us in this work, we return our sincere thanks. 



MA XI' A I. ill' KKKKIIKXCK. OK TKXTII.K WOKKKliS 



WHEN YOU USE LOOMS 



■ •••::-v;.;v-v;,v-v; ..•:•:■; :•:••'* 



v.'.vV-v. : ,»:.-:. ::-•:;••.>; 




:*• ;•;:•;'•*::••:;;•;♦:•■:.;• ;»;.--;i : -;»;. 



:• ••-;•:•••• • ;••.• •. 



.'•;'.•• . • .':• . •;'.'• . •";'•'•.•• 



FOR WEAVING 

Woolens, Worsteds, 
Carpets, Rugs, 
Duck, Wire Cloth, 
Etc., Etc 



FOR WEAVING 

Ginghams, Silks, 

Ribbons, Cottons, 
Suspenders, Tapes, 
Etc., Etc. 



'USK THK IvATKST ARD BEST. 



BUILT BY 



I 10 GREEN STREET, 



Croroptop Loorr) WorKs, * worsester, n *s% 



MANUAL OF LABOH <>l TEXTILE WORKERS. 




T. P. CAHILL, 
Gen. Sec. National Union of 

Textile Workers of America. 



Rooms 29 and 30. Saunders Block. 
246 Essex St., Lawrence, Mass. 



MANUAL OF KEFEKECNE OF TEXTILE WORLEKS. 



HARWAY DYEWOOD AND EXTRACT MFG. CO., 



MANUFACTURERS OF 



2)^ewoo6s, 2)£ewoo5 Extracts, anb liquors, 



BOSTON OFFICE. 4 Liberty Square. 
WORKS, Flushing, L. I. 



F. G. PAULY, President. 

I. J. MERRITT, Vice President. 

I. J. MERRITT, JR., Treasurer. 



INCORPORATED. JUNE 4, 1690. 

AMERICAN CARD CLOTHING COflPANY. 

General Offices, Worcester, Mass. 



e^^- 



FACTORIES. 

Leicester, Worcester, Philadelphia, Walpole, Providence, 

North Andover Depot, Manchester, Lowell, Lawrence. 

Manufacturers of Every Description of 

CARD CLOTHING, 

Surface, Side-Ground or Needle Point. 

Exclusive Arnerican Licensee? for tbe 
PATENT FLEXIFORT CARD CLOTHS. 



MANIAI. (!!•' IvKKKHENCK OK TEXTILE WORKERS 



T. P. CAHILL 



Was born in England December 21, 1862. lie came to America with his parents in April, 
1868, settling in Lawrence, Mass., whereafter one year's residence, the}' removed to Boston. 
Septembei 1, 1872, the family returned to Lawrence, Mass., where they have lived ever 
since. In September, 1872, when less than 10 years old, Thomas went to work in the mule 
spinning room of the Pemberton mill as back boy, at 48 cents per day. Bright and intelli- 
gent he took interest in the work, and was rapidly advanced. In 18N3, when barely 20 years 
of age, he was offered and accepted a position as second hand in a large mill. With no 
opportunity for schooling, in his leisure moments he would be found in a corner working out 
calculations of the machinery with a piece of chalk and with an empty rilling box for a black- 
board. In this way he rapidly fitted himself for advancement. In 1SS6, barely 23, he was 
found performing the duties of overseer in a fancy yarn mill, but by this time he had become 
quite prominent in the Knights of Labor, haying joined L. A. 2015, of Lawrence, in 1N82. 
Always an active a member, after 1886 he found it difficult to secure or retain a job. 
For years he was the leading councillor in the K. of L. in L;iwrence, and, although that 
order secured innumerable benefits for the operatives, no strike was ever entered upon or 
threatened during his administration. Mr. Cahill always points out that depression and 
reduction of wages are nearly always the result of economic causes, and that strikes rarely 
do more than arouse public attention. He saw that in the textile industry nearly every 
strike has been started by unorganized and undisciplined operatives, governed often by a 
hasty impulse. To avoid this, and to secure a calm consideration, and to prevent hasty 
action from bringing on industrial warfare he has tried to organize the textile workers of 
every occupation into one powerful body, that their strength and discipline would prevent 
many of those strikes, and that being organized, strikes would be practically unnecessary, 
and when once undertaken chances would favor success. Mr. Cahill is the founder of the 
National Union of Textile Workers of America. He was elected the first General Secre- 
tary, which position he fills to-day. He is also the editor of Yarn and Cloth, the textile 
workers' paper. 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS 



• :.••:••.' .•:■••' .•:•-.' ••:••.' ••:.•:. ••:••. ••:••. .•:.•:• ••:••..•:••. •••:••.. •?..•'• •••:.•"• ••?: 

| WM. PICKHARDT & KUTTROFF. | 

frV-ti; (Badische Anilin & Soda Fabrik, Special Partner.) £;£ 

: $* !':•>: 

5:j> — IMPORTERS ok — •;;•;'.•.- 

% HIi3arine anb Hniline 2)£es, £ 

>• No. 98 LIBERTY STREET, •""■: 

;£* hSq 

/j|A BJBANCH OFFICES: £i> 

i$* BOSTON, 60 Pearl St. s|s 

:«N PROVIDENCE, 32 So. Water St. N F W VOPK •"'■" 

ig* PHILADELPHIA, 30 No. Front St. ijjg 

if? CHICAGO, 207 Michigan St. *& 



Jofe «/. Keller & Co., 

m~" 5°L-E AGENTS FOR 

• 5obn 1R. <Mqe & Go,, Basic, 

A\ANUF/*CTURERS OF 

* * Ai)ilioe Colors, Di|ewood and Taooip Extracts, Etc. * * 

64 MURRAY STREET, NEW YORK- 

153 ^ilK 5tr«et, 134 Chestnut Street, 

Boston, r\*ss. Philadelphia, Pa. 

Specialties for Cotton, Wool and Silk Printing. 
Fast Wool Colors in Powder (Chronic Mordant). 
Fast One Dip Colors, for Cotton, Cotton and Wool Mixed Goods. 



MANUAL III.' KEKEKENI'E (IF TEXTILE WOKKKKS. 



NATIONAL UNION OF TEXTILE WORKERS OF AMERICA. 

Organized at Lowell, ]Vlass., JVlarch 30-31, 1891. 

LIST OF GENERAL OFFICERS AND EXECUTIVE COUNCILS. 

First General Executive Council, Elected at Lowell, Mass. 



GENERAL PRESIDENT. 

Eugene Sullivan, of Union No. i, of 
Fall River, Mass. 

GENERAL VICE PRESIDENT. 

Edward Greenhalge, of Union No. of 
Lowell, Mass. 

GENERAL SECRETARY. 

T. P. Cahill, of Union No. 5, of Law- 
rence, Mass. 



GENERAL TREASURER. 

Louis Armstein, of Union No. 6, of 
Dover, N. H. 



Patrick J. Connolly, of Union No. 1, of 
Fall River, Mass. 



Miss Annie Keeley, of Union No. 3 of 
Nashua, N. H. 



The Second General Executive Council, Elected at Fall River, 
Mass., August 4-5, i8gi. 



GENERAL PRESIDENT. 

Eugene Sullivan, of Union No. 1, of Fall 
Fall River, Mass. 

GENERAL VICE PRESIDENT. 

Louis Armstein, of Union No. 6, of 
Dover, N. H. 

GENERAL SECRETARY. 

T. P. Cahill of Union No. 5, of Law- 
rence, Mass. 



GENERAL TREASURER. 

James Arthern, of Union No. 1, of Fall 
River, Mass. 

James P. Hayes, of Union No. 4, of Low- 
ell, Mass. 

Miss Annie Keeley, of Union No. 3, of 
Nashua, N. H. 

Matthew Mart, of Union No. 7, of New 
New Bedford, Mass. 



[continued on i'ac;e eleven.] 



1(1 



MANUAL OF IM-'.I- FI.'FNOF (IF TKXTILE WOISKEUS. 



con^LinENTs * 



OF THE 



IRttson flfoacbine Co. 

• LOWELL, MASS. * 




ESTABLISHED ISS6. CAPITAL STOCK, S45.000. 
INCORPORATED, MAY, 1888. 



Howard Brothers Manufacturing Co. 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

MACHINE (ARD CLOTHINQ, 

HAND-STRIPPING CARDS, 

AND 

/*\ac!7ir;e Wire Hedclley, 

No. 32 Vine Street, 

NEAR UNION PASSENGER DEPOT, 

WORCESTER, MASS. 

OUTSIDE OF THE 

CARD CLOTHING COMBINE. 



Howard Brothers Manufacturing Co., 



NO. 32 VINE STREET, 
Near Urjior) Passenger Depot, - 



WORCESTER, MASS. 



MANUAL up liKKKKKNCK Of TEXTILE WORKERS. 



1 1 



[continued from PAGE NINE.] 

The Third General Exeutive Council, Elected at New York, 
March 14 and 15, iSga. 



GENERAL PRESIDENT. 

John P. Downey, of Union No. 1, Fall 
River, Mass. 

GENERAL VICE PRESIDENT. 

Edward A. Thornton, of Union No 8, of 
Philadelphia, Pa. 

GENERAL SECRETARY. 

D. E. Watrous,* of Union No. 15, Low- 
ell, Mass. 



GENERAL TREASURER. 

James Arthern, of Union No. 1, of Fall 
River, Mass. 

Charles W. Dunn, of Union No. 15, Low- 
ell, Mass. 

J. A. Donovan, of Union No. 1, Fall 
River, Mass. 

E. W. Theinert, of Union 21, Rockville, 
Conn. 



•Resigned in October, 1892, and John Wilkinson appointed to fill the vacancy. 

The Fourth General Executive Council, Elected at New Bed- 
ford, Mass., May 1-2, iSgj. 



GENERAL PRESIDENT. 

Ed. A. Thornton, of Union No. 8, Phila- 
delphia, Pa. 

GENERAL VICE PRESIDENT. 

Matthew Hart, of Union No. 7, New 
Bedford, Mass. 

GENERAL SECRETARY. 

John Wilkinson, of Union No. 7, New 
Bedford, Mass. 



GENERAL TREASURER. 

James Arthern, of Union No. 1, Fall 
River Mass. 

John P. Downey, of Union No. 1, Fall 
River, Mass. 

Napoleon Duclois, of Union No. 1, Fall 
River Mass. 

T. P. Cahill, of Union No. 2, Lawrence, 
Mass. 



Fifth General Executive Council, Elected at Philadelphia, 
Pa., May 7-8-g, i8g4. 



GENERAL PRESIDENT. 

E. A. Thornton, of Union <S, Philadelphia, 
Pa. 

GENERAL VICE PRESIDENT. 

Matthew Hart, of Union No. 7, New 
Bedford, Mass. 

GENERAL SECRETARY. 

T. P. Cahill, of Union No. 2, of Law- 
rence, Mass. 



GENERAL TREASURER. 

James Arthern,* of Union No. 1, Fall 
River, Mass. 

Richard McGuy, of Union No. 53, Provi- 
dence, R. I. 

John Tomlinson, of Union, No. 67, 
Philadelphia, Pa. 

James C. Brown, of Union No. 65, 
Astoria, L. I., N. Y. 



•Resigned one week after adjournment and Miss Annie Lucitt appointed to fill the vacancy. 



12 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



0X3 



^gi| |TANMRQrTRAVELER4^|Ri 

^^ssg^f^s.: Metallic Burnish IikeTHat 

~ -.- /(S^RODuCED B? THE TRAVELERS -^r 



€P 



#§» 



Manufacturers of . . . 

BOBBINS, 
SPOOLS, 

* AND • 

SHUTTLES, 

LHWRENCE, 
MHSS. 






AMERICAN 
STAVE & COOPERAGE CO. 

Manufacturers of Cedar, Cypress, Pine or Oak 

Round and Sojjare Tanks, 

Dye Tubs and Vats, 

Of Any Shape or Capacity. 

Casks, Hogsheads, Barrels and Kegs. 



-OFFICES: — 



NEW YORK. BOSTON. 

Illustrated Catalogue upon application. 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



13 



II 



* OF AJVIE^ICA. * 



-ORGANIZED AT— 



LOWELL, MASS. MARCH 30-31, 1891, 



WITH SIX UNIONS. 



^•ROSTER OF LOCAL UNIONS.* 





No. 


1. 






Union 


Cotton Weavers. 


Fall River, Mass. 


Union 


No. 


2. 


Weavers. 


Lawrence, Mass. 


Uniou 


No. 


3. 


Cotton Weavers. 


Nashua, N. H. 


Union 


No. 


4. 


Wool Spinners. 


Lowell, Mass. 


Union 


No. 


5. 


Textile Workers. 


Lawrence, Mass. 


Union 


No. 


6. 


Woolen Operatives. 


Dover, N. H. 


Union 


No. 


7. 


Cotton Weavers. 


New Bedford, Mass 


Union 


No-. 


8. 


German Operatives. 


Philadelphia, Pa. 


Union 


No. 


9. 


Warp Dressers. 


Lawrence, Mass. 


Union 


No. 


10. 


Weavers. 


Lewistou, Me. 


Union 


No. 


11. 


Weavers. 


Adams, Mass. 


Union 


No. 


12. 


German Operatives. 


Philadelphia, Pa. 


Union 


No. 


13. 


German Operatives. 


Philadelphia, Pa. 


Union 


No. 


14. 


German Operatives. 


New York, N. Y. 


Union 


No. 


15. 


Wuolen Weavers. 


Lowell, Mass. 



[CONTINUED ON PAGE FIFTEEN.] 



14 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 




v>K- 



Paper Cop Tubes to stand steaming. 

We make Tapered Tubes in all shapes used 
by foreign spinners. 

Also all kinds of Shells and Cones for Cone 
Winders. 



.:.«■ . ••;• # .>:".•• .•':* ."';•:.••';• .•;':*. "; ; ^*/. 



4~ 



HfflflZORTH 5 WHTSGN. 

Standard * Cop * Tube * Works, 



LOMELL, MKSS. 



.?..?••?. .*..*■ Compliments of tbe ••■••••••••••• 



flfterrimac Manufacturing (gompang, 

Xowell, ilftass. 



MANUAL OF REFERECNE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



15 



[continued from page thirteen 

Union No. 16. Textile Workers. 

Union No. 17. Cotton Carders. 

Union No. 18. Cotton Carders. 

Union No. 19. Woolen Weavers. 

Union No. 20. German Operatives. 

Union No. 21. German Operatives. 

Union No. 22. Hosiery Workeis. 

Union No. 23. Hosiery Workers. 

Union No. 24. Cotton Weavers. 

Union No. 25. Textile Workers. 

Union No. 26. Cotton Weavers. 

Union No. 27. Hosiery Workers. 

Union No. 28. Textile Workers. 

Union No. 29. Weavers. 

Union No. 30. Weft Weavers. 

Union No. 31. Woolen Weavers. 

Union No. 32. Woolen Spinners. 

Union No. 33. Sewing-in-hands. 

Union No. 34. Cotton Weavers. 

Union No. 35. Delaine Weavers. 

Union No. 36. Cotton Weavers. 

Union No. 37. Loomfixers. 

Union No. 38. Dyers. 

Union No. 39. Burlers and Speckers. 

Union No. 40. Woolen Weavers. 

Union No. 41. Dressers and Slashers. 

Union No. 42. German Dyer.-. 

Union No. 43. Drawing-in-hands. 

Union No. 44. Worsted Help. 

Union No. 45. Loom-fixers. 

Union No. 46. Loomfixers. 

Union No, 47. Woolen Weavers. 

Union No. 48. Wool Sorters. 

Union No. 49. Worsted Help. 

Union No. 50. Art Square Weavers. 

Union No. 51. Hosiery Workers. 

[continued on page seventeen.] 



] 

Peterboro, N. II. 

New Bedford, Mass. 

Fall River, Mass. 

Providence, R. I. 

Lawrence, Mass. 

Rockville, Conn. 

Cohoes, N. Y. 

Amsterdam, N. Y. 

Lowell, Mass. 

Philadelphia Pa. 

Thorndike, Mass. 

Little Falls, N. Y. 

Utica, N. Y. 

Pawtucket, R. I. 

Philadelphia, Pa. 
Lyinansville, R. I. 

Providence, R. I. 
Providence, R. I. 
AVaterville, Me. 

Providence, R. I. 
Waltham, Mass. 
Lawrence, Mass. 
Providence, R. I. 
Providence, R. I. 
Providence, R. I. 
Providence, R. I. 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
Providence, R. 1. 
Providence, R. I. 
Providence, R. I. 
Pascoag, R. I. 
Harrisville, R. 1. 
Providence, R. I. 
Providence, R. I. 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
Thornton, R. I. 



i<; 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



Compliments of 



philips 61 ftunbarbt 



LAWRENCE, MASS. 



-«t®re;sg ® ©00ets.lN- 



Why pay retailers' profits when you 
can buy direct of the manufacturers and 
save three profits by so doing? We carry 
The Finest Line of Dress Goods sold in 
the state, at prices that defy competition. 
We do a large mail order business. Send 
for samples. All goods ordered by mail 
delivered to any part of the state free of all 
express or charges. 

■Moolen ano Worstefc = = = 

Drees (Boobs Manufacturers, 

42, 44, 46, 48 and 50 Island St., 
Lawrence, Mass. 



(Slobe Morsteo /BMIls, 

/Ifcanufacturers of 

Jnne Worsteb U?avns * * 

anb 

* * Dress (3oobs» 

"Knitting J^arns in Colors anb fllMitures a 
Specialty. 

IRoils of all Funbs, anb Uops fov IRoller 
Xapping constantly on banb. 

Xawrence, fIDass. 

a. 1E>. IRobfnson, agent. 



THE * * * 

COBURN SHUTTLE 1 BOBBIN CO. 

/"V&nuf&cturers of 

POWER ANB H/IND 

LOOM* SHUTTLES 

Of Every Kind, From Well-seasoned 

Stock. Also Shuttle Irons 

of all Kinds. 



LOWELL, fA/lSS. 



We have the largest amount of machinery and the largest 
stock of any factory in the business. 



MANIA!, OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



17 



^•ROSTER OF LOCHL UNIONS.-* 



[continued from page fifteen.] 



Union 


No. 


52. 


Weybossctt Weavers. 




Union 


No. 


53. 


National Mill Weavers. 




Union 


No. 


.54. 


Riverside Mill Weavers-, 




Union 


No. 


- r )5. 


Saxon .Mill Weavers. 




Union 


No. 


56. 


Dyers. 




Union 


No. 


57. 


Delaine Loomfixers. 




Union 


No. 


58. 


Hosiery Mill Operatives. 




Union 


No. 


59. 


Woolen Weavers. 




Union 


No. 


00. 


Woolen Operatives, (Navy Yard, 


i) 


Union 


No. 


61. 


Lorriane Weavers. 




Union 


No. 


62. 


German Operatives. 




Union 


No. 


63. 


Dyers and Finishers. 




Union 


No. 


64. 


Loonilixers. 




Union 


No. 


65. 


Textile Operatives. 




Union 


No. 


66. 


Wool Spinners. 




Union 


No. 


67. 


Lace Curtain Weavers. 




Union 


No. 


68. 


Woolen Operatives. 




Union 


No. 


69. 


Woolen Weavers. 




Union 


No. 


70. 


Woolen Operatives. 




Union 


No. 


71. 


Woolen Weavers and Fixers. 




Union 


No. 


72. 


Cloth Weavers. 




Union 


No. 


73. 


Weavers. 




Union 


No. 


74. 


Textile Workers. 




Union 


No. 


75. 


Weavers. 




Union 


No. 


76. 


Knitters. 




Union 


No. 


77. 


Wool Spinners. 




Union 


No. 


78. 


Woolen Operatives. 




Union 


No. 


79. 


Cotton Weavers and Fixers. 




Union 


No. 


80. 


Woolen Operatives. 




Union 


No. 


81. 


Cotton Operatives. 





Providence, R. I. 
Providence, R. I. 
Providence, R. I. 
Providence, R. I. 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
Providence, R. I. 
Bennington, Vt. 
Pittsfield, Mass. 
Dracut, Mass. 
Pawtucket, R. I. 
Holyoke, Mass. 
Lawrence, Mass. 
Lewiston, Me. 
Astoria, L. I., N. Y. 
Pittsfield, Mass. 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
Lowell, Mass. 
Pascoag, R. I. 
Lowell, Mass. 
Woonsocket, R. I. 
Philadelphia, Pa, 
Rockville, Conn. 
Fitchburg, Mass. 
Frankford, Pa. 
Woonsocket, R. I. 
Maynard, Mass. 
West Fitchburg, Mass. 
Woonsocket, R. I. 
North Adams, Mass. 
North Adams, Mass. 



Carpet Weavers. 

Iirussell Carpet Weavers Union, Lowell, Mass. 
Ingrain Carpet Weavers Union, Lowell, Mass. 
Ingrain Carpet Weavers Union, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Iirussell Carpel Weavers Union, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Carpel Weavers Union, Roxbury, Mass. 

Jack Spinners. 

Amulet Association of Jack Spinners, Cohoes, N". V. 
[continued on page nineteen.] 



18 



MANUAL OF REKEHEXCE OE TEXTILE WORKERS. 



Frederick Grinnell, Prest. Frank B. Comins, Vice-Prest. and Gen'l Mg'r. F. H. Hartwell, Treas. 

THE 



U. S. Aerophor Air-Moistening and Ventilating Co., 



PROVIDENCE, R. I. 



The " Aerophor " Humidifier is an apparatus of superior merit, adaptable to all the varied conditions of 

Textile Manufacture. 



Increases Production. 

Destroys troublesome Elec- 
tricity. 

Makes every day a " Good 
Day." 






Vertical 

TYPE 
3FAER0PH0R 

AIR 
MOISTENER 




Warps Strengthened. 
Yarn Breaks Higher. 
Size Retained. 
No Steam Used. 
Absolutely Reliable. 



The "Aerophor" is more effective and of greater capacity than the best apparatus ever introduced in this 
country or abroad, possessing features not existing in any other Humidifier. Our Single Nozzle, for producing the 
air current, has none of the annoying features possible with the two-water jet, or Double= Water Moistener. 
^^CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. 




, - ./;'• -^^fi^ 



: -_ 



Z\)C Ibartforb Steam Boiler 

Inspection anb Insurance Co. 



HA5- 



Over Two Hundred and Thirty Millions of Dollars of insurance at risk, 

More than Fifty-Six Thousand Boilers under Inspection 'and Insurance, 

Over One Million Dollars Re-insurance reserve, and 

A Surplus, as regards Policy-Holders, of over Six Hundred Thousand Dollars; 

And it has returned to Policy-Holders over Three Million Dollars, in losses paid and in inspections. 



Insurance Against Loss or Damage to Property and Loss of Life and Injury to Persons 

Caused By 



^^ STEAM 



BOILER * EXPLOSIONS.^ 



J. M. ALLEN, President. 
J. B. PIERCE, Secretary. 



W. B. FRANKLIN, Vice President. 
F. B. ALLEN, 2d Vice President. 



MANUAL OF REFERENC1 OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 19 



^•ROSTER OF LOCHL UNIONS.-^ 

[CONTINUED FROM PAGE SEVENTEEN.] 

Branches of Silk Weavers. 

Anthony Kastner, 111 W. 40th St., N. Y., City. 
Adolph Schnell, Jr., College Point, L. I. 
John Brengard, 113 Garden St., Union Hill, N. J. 
Ernest Schulz, 624 Park Ave, Brooklyn, E. D. 
Otto Kaefley, 28 Cottage St., Middletown, N. Y. 
Chas. Boether, 42 Main St., Yonkers, N. Y. 

Web Weavers. 

Arthur Audley, Bridgeport, Conn. 
A. R. Grant, Brockton, .Mass. 
A. J. Sutton, Chelsea, Mass. 
Geo. Stevenson, Camden, N. J. 
David Chittim, Norwalk, Conn. 
James Forsyth, Easthampton, Mass. 

Knit Goods Workers. 

Gustav Kulmert, Nashua, N. H. 
Win. McRohert, Rockland, Mass. 
T. McGinnis, Philadelphia, Pa. 
I!. Hale, Manayunk, Pa. 
S. Ilatje, Amsterdam, N. Y. 
N. Morris, Schenectady, X. Y. 
E. Martin, Franklin, X. H. 

National Cotton Mule Spinners' Union. 

Robert Howard, Fall River, Mass. 
Samuel Ross, New Bedford, Mass. 
William Rafferty, Lowell, Mass. 
Patrick Sweeney, Lawrence, Mass. 
Henry Reid, Holyoke, Mass. 
Euclid Smith, Chicopee, Mass. 
Arthur Herbert, Taunton, Mass. 
Patrick J. Lilly, Waltham, Mass. 
Frank W. Keating, Blackstone, Mass. 
Thomas Brunei - , Waterville, Me. 
Charles P. Greene, Augusta, Me. 
James Gleason, Biddeford, Me. 
William Hand, Lewiston, Me. 
I). C. Reardon, Dover, X. II. 
Joseph T. Dowling, Nashua, X. II. 
George Ryan, Manchester, X. II. 
William Burke, Pawtucket, R. 1. 
Joseph Mullarkey, Manvijle, R. I. 
John Sullivan, Westerly, I.'. 1. 
John Henry. Woonsocket, R. I. 
James < Shadwick, River Point, R. I. 
William Barlow, Taftville, Conn. 
William Winterbottom, Patterson, X.J. 

No. 2 I . John Dixon, Kearney. X. .1. 



No. 


1. 


No. 


2. 


No. 


3. 


No. 


1. 


No. 


5. 


Xo. 


<;. 


No. 


l. 


No. 


2. 


No. 


3. 


No. 


4. 


No. 


5. 


No. 


G. 


No. 


1. 


No. 


2. 


No. 


3. 


No. 


4. 


No. 


5. 


No. 


C>. 


No. 


7. 


No. 


iati 

l. 


No. 


2. 


No. 


3. 


No. 


4. 


No. 


5. 


No. 


6. 


No. 


7. 


No. 


■s. 


Xo. 


'.). 


No. 


in. 


Xo. 


11. 


Xo. 


12. 


No. 


18. 


No. 


14. 


Xo. 


15. 


No. 


k;. 


Xo. 


17. 


Xo. 


is. 


No. 


lit. 


Xo. 


•_'(). 


Xo. 


21. 


Xo. 


22. 


No. 


23. 



20 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



We advertise only what we have, 

and exactly as it is. 






Our Business is to furnish Ready Clothing to Ladies, 
Gentlemen and Children, Gentlemen's Fine Furnishings and 
Hats and Caps for Men and Boys. We know that to secure 
and hold trade it is necessary to offer only goods of first 
quality at fair prices, and to stand squarely behind every 
transaction between ourselves and our patrons. 

Therefore, we buy nothing we caunot guarantee, and sell 
nothing we are not ready to take back and return purchase 
money. Many lines of goods we do not accept as offered by 
manufacturers to the general trade, but require them made 
to conform to our knowledge of the needs of our trade. 

Among our specialties are the Rogers, Peet & Co. Suits 
and Overcoats for Men; "Little Giant" Suits for Boys; B. & C. 
Cloaks, Coats, Capes and Suits for Ladies; Silk and wash- 
goods Shirt Waists and Silk Skirts for Ladies ; our $2.90 Hat 
(as good as hatters sell at $3.50 to $5,) and our $1.90 Hat 
(as good as any sold at $2.50); "Star" Shirts for Men ; Shirt 
Waists for Ladies and Boys; our own "Roger Williams" 
Collars, at 13 cents. 

We clothe gentlemen with handsomer, better fitting and 
better made clothing than 75 per cent, of custom tailors can 
make at 25 to 50 per cent, less expense. 



Jerome Kennedy & Co. 



Providence, R. I. 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 21 



KNOWLES LOOM WORKS. 



We take pleasure in calling the attention of our readers to the advertisement of the 
Knowles Loom Works in the first insert page, whose extensive works at Worcester, Mass., 
we had the opportunity of visiting a short time ago. The works are situated on Grand and 
Tainter streets and are most admirably arranged for their business. Here all kinds of 
looms are manufactured for even - variety of fabric of cotton, woolen or silk, from the 
finest silk dress goods to the coarsest horse blanket, and from the finest silk ribbon to the 
coarsest surcingle or upholsters' web and all the way between. The company build a 
greater variety of looms than any other concern in the world. 

The main building is 256 feet long by 221 wide built around a hollow square, four 
stories high and contains about 120,000 feet of floor space. The foundry, forge shop, dry 
house, lumber sheds, store house, etc., give an entire floor space of 190,000 feet. Here in 
good times 1000 men find steady employment. 

The capital stock of the company is $600,000 and is mostly held by the family of Mr. 
Knowles and the managing directors. 

The Messrs. Knowles first started the loom business at Warren, Mass., in 1862, moved 
to Worcester in 1866 to the Sargent block in Allen court. From there the)' moved to the 
"Junction Shop" in 1879, and in 1890 they built and moved to their present plant. 

The Knowles Open Shed Fancy Loom was first introduced into the market in 1872, 
since that time the growth of the business has been almost phenomenal. 

The open shed principle of weaving was looked upon with disfavor by other loom 
builders and by some manufacturers, but in later years it has been demonstrated that it is 
the true theory of weaving, and very largely adopted both in this and foreign countries. 

The Knowles Loom Works has always adhered to the policy of building the best 
machinery possible in their various lines, and to this fact as well as to the general mechan- 
ical construction of their looms may be attributed a large share of their success. 

In the year 1884 Mr. L. J. Knowles visited Europe for the purpose of making arrange- 
ments for the manufacture of the Knowles Loom in foreign countries, and after a thorough 

[CONTINUED ON PAGE TWENTY-THREE.] 



22 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



CHARLES S. BUSH COMPANY, 



Importers, Manufacturers and Dealers in 



DRUGS, DYE-STUFFS, CHEMICALS. 



2X2 and 214 Weybossett Street, 
Providence, R. I. 



* FISKE BROS. REFINING CO., * 



Manufacturers of 



Lubricating * Grease 



KND OILS. 



161 MILK STREET, BOSTON. 



COMPLIMENTS OF ••• + 



ri. • W. • L/IDD * & * eo., 



■*■ # PROVIDENCE, R. I. 



J. B. BARNABY 1852. J. B. BARNABY & CO. 1869. THE J. B. BARNABY CO. 1889. 

The J. B. Barnaby Co., 

(INCORPORATED.) 
MANUFACTURERS, JOBBERS and RETAILERS OF 

MEN'S, YOUTHS', BOYS' and CHILDREN'S CLOTHING. 

SPECIAL DEPARTMENT FOR 

Ladies', Hisses' and Children's Ready-Made Suits and Outside Garments. 
122 to 130 Westminster St,, Providence, R. I. 



BROWNING, KING & 60., 

212-216 WESTMINSTER ST., COR. EDDY, PROVIDENCE, R. I. 
Mf»CTURER? and RETAILER? F T M F FT T H I W T F ° R m B ° YS m ^' 



OF CORRECT STYLE?. 



-<2>'"0- 



ST. PAUL, MINNEAPOLIS, OMAHA, 
KANSAS CITY, MILWAUKEE, LINCOLN. 



BOSTON, NEW YORK, BROOKLYN. ST. LOUIS, 
PHILADELPHIA, CINCINNATI, CHICAGO. 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEX I'll. E WORKERS. 23 

KNOWLES LOOM WORKS. 

[continued from page twenty-one.] 

investigation of the facilities of the various loom builders, made arrangements with Messrs. 
Hutchinson, Hollingworth & Co., of Dobcross, England, to build the looms on a royalt 
under their patents. It was a very difficult thing to introduce a new loom into England, 
largely because of the prejudice of the English people to a new machine, and especially to 
anything American, but through the persistent efforts of Messrs. Hutchinson, Hollingworth 
& Co., the loom has become so popular that it has very largely displaced looms of other 
makes and is now the most popular loom in England and on the continent of Europe — 
11,285 of them having been put into the various mills of those countries. 

The Knowles Loom Works and Messrs. Hutchinson, Ilollingwood & Co., are in con- 
stant communication with each other and representatives of these two companies visit each 
others manufactories, and thus both concerns have the advantage of any new device de- 
veloped by either, and thus the best possible results are obtained by both manufacturers. 

In November, 1893, the Knowles Loom Works made an important acquisition in the 
purchase of the entire business together with all the patents connected therewith of the 
Geo. W. Stafford Manufacturing Co. of Providence, R. I., thus adding to their already 
extensive business the manufacture of Jacquards, dobbies, shedding engines and textile 
specialties of various kinds. The union of these two concerns doubtless places the 
Knowles Loom Works at the head of the manufacture of textile machinerv in the United 
States, and in connection with Messrs. Hutchinson, Hollingworth & Co., their agents in 
England, the largest in the world. 

Mr. Geo. W. Stafford still retains his position as manager of the Providence branch of 
their manufactory. 

The Knowles Loom Works exhibit at the Worlds Columbian Exposition was one of 
the most interesting and attractive in the whole grounds. 

Here were 14 looms in constant operation showing the construction of the various 
fabrics and illustrating the construction and operation of their looms to the instruction and 
delight of the thousands of visitors. There were looms, weaving worsteds, woolens, 
ingrain carpets, jeans, ginghams, silk dress goods, brocatelle, furniture covering and ribbons 
at a rate of speed and perfection of construction heretofore unattained and which was a 
perfect surprise to their many visitors, especially the foreign manufacturers. 

For their fine exhibit they were granted the highest number of awards of any man- 
ufacturer of textile machinery. One for general principle of Open Shed Looms; one for 
their Woolen and Worsted Loom; one for their Ingrain Carpet Loom; one for their Silk 
Brocatelle Loom, and one for their Jacquard Silk Loom. 

The company invite anyone interested in the construction and operation of looms to 
visit their works where they can see their machinery in process of construction. 



21 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



• •:;•:. •:•:.•:. ■*■■;• \;*tf,- 



&i 'v.*- v.: .ifev*; :&: v 



::* Compliments of ♦ ♦ ♦ 

1 A 



Callender, 
McAuslane 



AND 



Troup Co. 



PROVIDENCE, R. I. | 



>'•;•<•;'>.•>. •■;•■;•"'. 



•.•>• .•••:.• •••:i- 



J. D. LEWIS, 

384 EX6HAN6E PLA6E, 

PROVIDENCE, R. I. 



The Pomroy Coal Co. 

: : : DEALERS IN : : : 

COHL ••• 



AND 



•• WOOD. 



OFFICE, 

NO. 35 WBYBOSSMT STREET, 
PROVlDEriGE, R. I. 



YARDS, 
330 EDDY ST, and 184 DYER ST. 



MAM \1. (IK KKKKKKM K (IK TKXT1I.K. WORKERS. 



25 



LIMITS OF COMPETITION. 



What is the limit of competition as a principle of business? This is a question which the manufacturer, 
whatever the character of his product, has been asking himself. But there is no limit to competition, although it 
is lamentably true that there is a competition which is healthful, and one which is harmful. There are manufac- 
turers who have extensive and elaborate plants which are paid for, and adequate amounts of working capital 
employed in their business. They are careful, prudent, progressive, watchful over details, and knowing the cost 
of their products. There are others whose plants are not paid for, who are doing business largely upon credit, 
who have less at stake, who either do not know how to compute the cost of their products, or are recklessly in- 
different to such cost in fixing the selling price. It is true these latter will in time exhaust their credit and fail, 
but independently of the incalculable evil which they cause to business meanwhile they do not cease to be dis- 
turbers when they fail, for they readily compromise with their creditors at from twenty-five to fifty cents on the 
dollar, and are then in a better position than ever to harass their rivals who pay their debts and do a safe busi- 
ness. 

There is another kind of competition which works evil. Here is a manufacturer who makes use of only the 
best materials, who employs the most skilful and consequently the highest priced labor, and who turns out a 
product which is the best of its kind. He has a competitor whose product is very inferior. The product, let us 
Bay, is machinery. Now when he who uses such machinery wants to buy he seeks prices from all the makers of 
that kind of machinery, and naturally those who make the inferior machines are able to quote the lowest prices, 
and these are the prices which the buyer endeavors to make the basis of his purchase, not however of the in- 
ferior machines but of the best, and if the maker of the best machines were to accept this price and furnish 
exactly the kind of machines on which the price had been given they would be rejected. Now every one knows, 
or ought to know, that in an open market with free competition he gets for the most part just what he pays for, 
and if he asks prices from several on a given article and there is a great difference in the quotations he knows 
that there must be a corresponding difference in the articles. One cannot get prices on gold, silver, and lead, all 
metals, and then take the price of lead and expect to get silver for it, much less gold. Pair and honorable com- 
petition in times like the present will force prices down to the lowest living rate, but such irrational competition, 
as has been described, works disaster to business, and bears especially hard upon labor the rewards of which are 
cruelly cut off in the relentless struggle. 

The best is generally the cheapest. If this is so generally it is especially true in the case of machinery. 
The difference in price between the best machine and the one which is not the best is nothing when compared 
with the results of the two in use. The best will do more or better work, makes less waste, if waste is an item, 
is safer, if safety is a factor, requires less power, is more easily operated, needs less attention, costs less to main- 
tain it, has a longer life, etc., etc. What folly it is, for example, to use poor machines in a textile mill to wind 
yarn on the bobbins or quills when a great saving can be made by having the Fairmount winders, a saving not 
only in the cost of the winding but also in that of the weaving, for as these machines lay more yarn on the bob- 
bins than other machines the looms are idle just that much less time from changing the bobbins, not to speak of 
the better work which is done by the loom when the bobbins are perfectly formed. Then there is the "Ingra- 
ham" patent shedding mechanism or harness motion, of which the Fairmount Machine Co. is the sole manufac- 
turer, the best in every way, and the most economical from every point of view. It makes better cloth and at 

| ( i in riMK.ii <in i\\i;k, twk.n tv-sk.vk.n . | 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



TOR & SL/VER, 

Dyeing A\&cbipes. 

These machines dye textile fibres in the Top, Sliver or Roving. By their use Re- 
Carding or Re-Combing is successfully avoided. 

/. Wool 5courh}$ /^l&cbipery • • 

FOE 



New 5olvei?t Process- 
By this process wool is cleansed without the use of soap or alkali and a larger yield of 
cleaner, brighter, stronger and softer wool is obtained and all the valuable by-products are 
removed from the fleece. 



EniLE flAERTENS, 



Providence, R. I 



=^rS 



\. '«£3? 




PROVIDENCE 
MACHINE COMPANY, 

No. 564 EDDY STREET, 

PROVIDENCE, R. I. 



m\m u iir i;ki i:i;i.n< !•: ok tkxtii.k woi;kki;s. 



27 



LIMITS OF COMPETITION. 

[continued from page twenty-five.] 



less cost. It is sure, even and constant in its operation, and not dependent on springs which grow continually 
weaker. The weaver can easily take out broken picks and mend broken threads and then start the loom without 
further adjustment and without losing a pick and there is no danger of anything breaking if the loom is moved 
backward. Its construction is simple, its movement is smooth, its action is positive, it is easy on the yarn, it 
makes no misses, and does its work without strain. It has few parts and large wearing surfaces, and requires 
little care and attention. It is made from sixteen harness up, can be fitted to any make or width of loom, and 
will weave the finest silk or cotton, or the heaviest woolen or worsted fabrics. 

The reciprocating tension and protection motion (recently patented) for the warp, which is made by the 
Fairmount Machine Co., of Philadelphia, should be on every loom, for with-this attachment, which is not expen- 
sive, better and more even cloth can be made. Ordinarily and with all kinds of beam frictions the warp is not 
let off regularly and there are the consequent thick and thin places in the cloth. The tension metion corrects all 
this and is also a positive protection against "smashes." It is simple and easy of application to every kind of 
loom, and will save its cost many times over in the weaving of either light, medium or heavy goods. 

So reference might be made in detail to every machine built by the Fairmount Machine Co. Its well 
known loom has been gone over inch by inch and been improved in every way. The company also has the 
drawings and patterns of all the "Bridesburg" looms and auxiliary machinery. Its beaming machinery are su- 
perior to all other beamers, its dyeing and sizing machines the most substantial and economical. Its transmis- 
sion machinery is in use everywhere, the patterns for which are light, strong and graceful. The bearings for 
shafting are absolutely self-oiling and require almost no attention at all. For peculiar or difficult situations 
some of its special appliances, which are mostly protected by patents, such as angular and muley drivings, car- 
rier and gallows pulleys, belt tighteners, etc., etc., will be found to be just what is needed, and of its patent fric- 
tion pulley too much cannot be said. For the reason that it is not extensively advertised it is perhaps not known 
by every one that this company makes a' freight elevator especially suitable for textile mills. There are factories 
where this machine has supplanted almost every other kind of elevator because of the excellent service which it 
gives. 

Enough has been said to indicate where the best machinery of certain kinds can be had, and it cannot be 
said too emphatically the best machine is worth what it costs, a poor machine is dear at any price. 




28 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



4>4> 




^ 



COMPLIMENTS OF . . . 



NATIONAL RING ife 
TRAVELER CO. 



PROVIDENCE, R. I. 



A. CU TIS TINGLEY, Treas. 



ALBERT CURTIS. 



ESTABLISHED 1831. 



EDWIN T. MARBLE. 



MANUFACTURERS OF 



CURTIS & MARBLE 

ool ©mrriiiig aj| QMki ftifeft; 

SHEARING 7 S \ACHINE5 A SPECIALTY. 

WEBSTER SQUARE, 



WORCESTER, MAS S. 



Shake Willows or Dusters; Spur Tooth or Tenter Hook Pickers; Burr Pickers; Steel 
Ring and Solid Packing Burring Machines, with Steel Ring Feed Rolls for Woolen and 
Worsted Cards. Shearing Machinesfor all kinds of Cotton, Woolen and Worsted Goods, 
Plushes, Carpets, Rugs, Mats, etc. Up and Down, Double Acting, Steam and Gessner 
Gigs; Gessner Rolling Teasel Gigs, Endless Felt Gigs, Wire Nappers for Satinets, Blankets, 
Knit Fleecings, etc. Single and Double Acting Brushing Machines; Cotton Brushing 
Machines; Gas Singeing Machines, Gessner Rotary Steam Cloth Press; Stretching and Rol- 
ling Machines; Patent Doubling and Sewing Machines; Reversible Flock Cutters. Rag- 
Cutters; Flock Renovators; Shear Grinders; Steam Finishing Machines; Cloth Winders 
and Measurers; Cloth Folding and Measuring Machines. 

Machine Brushes of all kinds made and repaired. 

Particular attention paid to Repairing and Grinding Shear Blades and Buar Cylinders. 
QgirSEND FOR CATALOGUE. 



MANUAL OK BEEEEENCE OK TEXTILE \\ oKk I i:>. 



29 






x PRINT CLOTHS, x 



The Highest and Lowest Price in Standard Print Cloths, 64 x 64. 







7850-7894. 










Highest. 








Highest. 






Year.*. — . A 


Lowest. 


K^r. 


Lowe 


1850 5 3-4^ 5 C 


r873 


3t 


7 I" 2 


5 


3-4 


185 1 


5 i-4 


4 !"4 


1874 




6 1-8 


5 


1-4 


1852 


5 3-4 


4 i-4 187s 




6 3-4 


4 


3-8 


l8 53 


6 3-8 


6 


1876 




4 7-8 


3 


5-8 


l8 S4 


6 1-4 


S i- 2 


1877 




5 r-4 


3 


5-8 


1855 


5 J " 2 


4 3-4 


1878 




4 


3 


1-8 


1856 


5 3-4 


5 


1879 




4 1-2 


3 


3-16 


l8 57 


6 1-8 


5 7-8 


1 880 




5 87-100 


3 


3-4 


1858 


6 


5 


1S81 




4 !"4 


3 


3-4 


l8 59 


5 7-8 


5 !- 2 


1SS2 




3 95- IO ° 


3 


5-8 


i860 


5 3-4 


4 7-8 


1883 




3 !3- 16 


3 


44-100 


1861 


9 


4 J -4 


1884 




3 62-100 


3 


8-100 


1S62 


14 1-2 


7 


1885 




3 !"4 


2 


98-100 


iX( M 


19 


10 3-4 


1886 




3 r- 2 


3 


1-8 


1864 


38 1-2 


16 1-4 


1887 




3 5-8 


3 


1-4 


186^ 


27 1-4 


10 


1888 




4 


3 


1-2 


1866 


19 1-2 


1 1 1-4 


1889 




4 1-16 


3 


1-2 


1867 


12 


6 5-8 


1890 




3 9"!6 


3 


■■ 


1868 


9 5-8 


6 1-2 


1891 




3 J-i| 


2 


3-4 


1869 


9 1-2 


7 1-8 


1892 




4 1-16 


3 


1-16 


1870 


8 1-4 


6 1-2 


1893 




4 


2 


3-4 


1871 


8 


6 1-2 


1894 




3 


2 


5-8 


1872 


9 


7 3-8 
















^^Earliest Cotton Mills in IT. S. 






Philadelphia, Pa r 775 

Brid^ewater, Mass., (spinning mill) 1 787 

Beverly, Mass., do I 789 

Slater, Pawtueket, R. I., do 1791 

Bass River, Beverly, Mass., do 1801 

New Ipswich, N. II., do 1804 

Rehoboth, Mass., do J 8o5 

New Ipswich, (No. 2,) do 1807 

Medway, Mass., do 1807 

Fitehbur»-, Mass., do |^ about 

Waltham, Mass., do j 1807-9 

Brunswick, Me., do 1809 

Waltham, first for both spinning and weaving 1814 

Spindles of United States in 1807 — 4,000. 



30 



MANUAL OP REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



Schoellkopf Aniline & Chemical Company, 



BUFFALO, N. Y., 

MANUFACTURERS OF 



High=Grade Coal Tar Dyes 



FOR ALL PURPOSES 



5TOCK CARRIED AT THE FOLLOWING PL-ACE5: 

3 Cedar Street, New York. 

103 Milk Street, Boston, Mass. 

50 North Front Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 

13 Mill Street, ' Watertown, N. Y. 

323 Cooper Building, Denver, Colorado. 

SAMPLES MATCHED. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. 



Talbot Dyewood and Chemical Company, 

38 to 44 MIDDLE STREET, - - LOWELL, MASS. 



ACIDS, CHEMICALS, DYE WOODS, 

FOR COTTON AND WOOLEN MILLS. 



STANLEY & CO., 



ALL KINDS OF 



COAL * AND * WOOD 



AT LOWEST PRICES. 



223 WOODY ST., - LOWELL, MASS. 

TELEPHONE 37-4. 



Engine and Boiler Repairing. 

Machinery Repairing op any Kind. 



* THOMAS JACKSON,* 

fIDacbinlst. 
.«. .». 

Manufacturer of Dyeing and Bleaching 

Machinery. 

■•• ■•■ 

225 DYER STREET, PROVIDENCE, R. I. 

Experienced Men for Hangers, Shafting, &c. 



MANOAL OK RKKERKNCK OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



:;i 



STATISTICS OF COTTON MANUFACTURING 

IN THE UNITED STATES, 

According to the United States census of 1S90 from preleminary of census office dated 

October 14, 1892. 

In these tables reference is made only to mills making yarns, threads, woven fabrics, 
etc., which are classed and sold as specific manufactures of cotton. 

In the wages paid in 1890 are included $3,464,734 as salaries paid to officers and 
clerks. Similar salaries were not included in the census of 1880. 





». • 


Number 




Number 


Number 


Bales of 


Amount paid 


Cost of 


Value 






of Oper- 




Of 


of 


Cotton 




Cotton 


of 




z^ 


atives. 




Spindels. 


Looms. 


Consumed. 


Wages. 


Consumed. 


Production. 


Maine 


23 


13,992 


$20,850,754 


885,762 


21.825 


132,504 


$4,372,472 


$7,053,168 


$15,316,909 


New Hampshire. 


27 


19,533 


26,801,933 


1,095,643 


31,850 


21 [,034 


6,429,084 


11. 20:;, 7 12 


21,9s;,, 002 




6 


737 


1,431,986 


71,595 


1 , 1 75 


8,954 


220,712 


198,348 


'.H 1,685 


Massachusetts. . 


187 


76,213 


128,838,837 


5,824,518 


133,227 


772,520 


26,230,667 


40,870,307 


100,202,882 


Rhode Island.. . 


!H 


24,832 


38,798,161 


1,924,486 


43,106 


193,291 


8,131,1 12 


11.1 17,080 


27,310,4 19 


Connecticut .... 


65 


13,411 


26,431,578 


934,155 


18.933 


104,655 


1,52 1, In:! 


5,976,485 


15,409,476 




42 


8,401 


1:1,2:10,71:. 


606,796 


13,466 


78,824 


2,563,730 


4,270,665 


9,777,2:i5 


New Jersey 


17 


5,683 


13,519,972 


374,442 


3,673 


25,723 


2,054,282 


1,816,468 


5,902,615 


Pennsylvania. . . 


158 


12,960 


15,884,936 


439,638 


13,374 


92,705 


1,687,088 


4,371,693 


is. 1:; 1,77:1 


Deleware 


7 


lis? 


1,683,803 


53,916 


996 


8,876 


324,328 


475,490 


l.ii:i5,ooi 


Maryland 


15 


4,313 


7,296,793 


158,930 


2,965 


55,02i; 


1,134,4 !5 


2,972,432 


5, 15 7,792 


Virginia 


9 


2,019 


2,966,889 


94,204 


2,:. 17 


22.7:: 1 


406,824 


1, oso, 77:; 


1.7:12, CIS 


North Carolina . 


01 


8,742 


10,7.75,134 


337,2,86 


7.25 1 


114,371 


1,646,196 


5,296,974 


9,563,443 


South Carolina . 


34 


8,192 


11,14 1,833 


332,784 


8,546 


133,342 


1. on;, 571 


6,242,568 


9,800,798 


< reoi'gia 


53 


10,550 


17,664,675 


1 15,452 


10,459 


1 15,859 


2,366,085 


6,663,560 


12,035,629 


Alabama 


13 


2,137 


2,853,015 


79.2:; 1 


1,692 


26,924 


1 17,17:; 


1,. -172,05 s 


2.190,771 


Mississippi 


9 


1,184 


2,053,743 


:.7. (Mil 


1,352 


18,386 


290,98] 


793,600 


1,333,398 




5 


83 1 


1,376,132 


L2.942 


677 


11,980 


189,039 


554,206 


1,000,668 


Tennesse 


20 


2,174 


2,928,657 


97. .".2 1 


2,043 


33,114 


195, 138 


1,554,851 


2,50 7,7 I :» 


Tex., La. &Ark. 


5 


1,356 


2,067,225 


66,980 


1,723 


18,131 


328,759 


850,156 


1,348,637 


Ohii 


7 
6 


584 
1,325 


1,213,217 

1,711,720 


16,560 
74,604 


Hi 
1,649 


11,023 
16,306 


193,757 
332,676 


383,556 
789,178 


1,468,204 




1,350,425 




4 


154 


766, Hi;. 


21,800 


465 


6,405 


1 10,386 


312,621 


563,988 




4 


501 


892,509 


32,592 


870 


6,924 


1 12.170 


359,117 


620,196 


Cal. Mo. & Iowa 


3 


491 


747,191 


18,670 


386 


6,874 


ISO, 150 


374,450 


688,271 


Total, 1890 


901 


221,585 


$354,020,843 


1 1,088,103 


324,866 


2,258,562 

1,570,:; 11 


$39,489,272 


$117,392,576 


$267,981,724 


Total, 1880 


756 


174,659 


$208,280,346 


10,653,435 


225,759 


$42,040,510 


$86,945,725 


$192,090,110 




148 


40,92(1 


$145,740,497 


3,434,668 


99.107 


688,218 


$27,4 18,762 


$30,446,851 


$75,891,61 I 



32 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 




&urIingfo n 




Thomas Devlin. William W. McGrath. Louis J. McGrath. 

NATION/M- 

flardware and Malleable Iroi) Worfe. 




TINNING, 
JAPANNING, 

tj| GALVANIZING, 

1 PLATING, 

"| FITTING & 

$) MACHINE WORK 

i PROMPTLY 

P DONE. 



u 



^J 



SADDLERY, 
CARRIAGE 

WAGON 
BUILDERS. 

I TRUNK, 
TINNERS & 
MISCELLANEOUS 
HARDWARE. 



THO/*\/\S DEVLIN 6- 60., 

Leliigli Atc, American aM Third Sts.. - PhilaielDhia. Pa,, 



-MANUFACTURERS OF- 



Malleable Iron Fittings for Gas, Steam 
and Water. Malleable and Soft Grey 
Iron. Brass and Steel Castings to 
order from Special Patterns. 



« H. St W. BIRD 5 CO.-K- 

DYE STUFFS. ANILINE DYES. CHEMICALS. 

ANILINE OIL, ANILINE SALT, 



AND 



SPECIALTIES FOR CALICO PRINTERS. 

RftWCTS, JtflCiHtti MlD KH\\i\HE CONORS, 



FOR- 



COTTON * AND * WOOLEN * DYER5- 



SHADES MATCHED. 



CHEMICALS for Glass, Leather, and Straw Trades. 

H7 MILK STREET, BOSTON. ~~- - rf CEDAR STREET, NEW YORK. 



MANUAL OK KKKKKKNCE OK TKXT1LK WOKM.ItS. 



33 



LANCASHIRE, ENGLAND. 



Knglish Cotton Weavers' Karnings and Hours of Labor, 

K. J. HOLMKS, 

General Secretary of the North East Lancashire Amalgamated Association of Weavers. 







i - 


SPEED OF 


EARNINGS FROM 


EARNINGS PER 


TOTAL EARNINGS 




NUMBER OF LOOMS EACH 






EACH LOOM l'K.i; 








CLASS OF GOODS. 




a s h 


LOOMS, PICKS 




LOOM IN U. s. 


PEB WEEK 




WEAVER WORKS. 


P ° £ 
z - F 




W E E K , S 11 I L - 












a < 


PEE MINUTE. 


LINGS, PEN( I . 


MONEY PER WEEK 


LOOM 




Light Narrow 


















Generally 4, sometimes 6, 


.'ill 


200 to 240 


Is 9p to 5s 6p 


$1.14 to $1.32 


$4.56 to $5.28 




with a tenter, who is paid 
















(Is 6p per week. 














Indian Shirtings. 


Generally 4, sometimes 6, 
with a tenter, who is paid 
Us 6p per week. 


56 


180 to 200 


Is 6p to 5s 


L.08 to 1.20 


4.32 to 


4.80 




Four looms. 


56 


180 to 200 


5s in 6 s 


L.20 to 1.44 


4.80 to 


5.76 


Sateens, Drills, 


Four looms, generally con- 


56 


180 to 200 


5s 6p to 7s 6p 


1.32 to 1.80 


5.28 to 


7.20 


Jeans, etc. . . . 


sisting of I sateen and 3 
plain cloth, sometimes 2 
of each. 














Dobbies & Stave 


Four looms, generally 1 


56 


1 80 


5s to 7s 


1.20 to 1.68 


1.80 to 


6.72 


Work 


dobby and 3 plain cloth, 














sometimes 2 of each. 














Dhooties & Dob- 


Four looms, sometimes 


56 


180 to 200 


5s to 7s 


1.20 to 1.68 


4.. so to 


(1.72 


by Dhooties. . 


with a tenter who is paid 
.'is 3p per week. 














Better Class of 


Four looms, generally 


56 


175 to 195 


5s to 6s 


1.20 to 1.44 


4. so in 


5.76 


Shirtings .... 


with a tenter who receives 
:'.s 3p per week. 














Colored Goods, 


Four looms. 


56 


about 20U 


5s to 6s 


1.20 to 1.44 


1.80 t.i 


5.76 


stripes or plain 
















Colored Goods, 


Four looms, generally 2 


56 


160 to 180 


as 6p to 7s 6p 


1.32 to 1.80 


5.28 to 


7.20 


checks 


plain and 2 check. 















34 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 

THE 

ROESSLER k HASSLAGHER CHEMICAL CO, 

MANUFACTURING AND IMPORTING CHEMISTS, 
Office: 73 PINE STREET, NEW YORK. Factory: PERTH AMBOY, N. J. 

Aniline Oils, Aniline Salt, Yellow and Red Prussiate of 
Potash, Oxalic Acid, Phosphate of Soda, 'Hyposulphite 
of Soda, Acetanilid, Chrome Alum, Permanganate of 
Potash, Sulphocyanide of Barium, Etc. 



Sole Agents for the 17) T7 "D /^\ ^Sf \f /^ ~E* T\T (^ A neTP economical 

United States and Canada of 1 HI\UA 1 Kjl JZ^ IN O and simple 

(PATENTED.) 

Bleaching Agent for Wool, Cotton, Silks, Straw, Feathers, Etc. 



FLEISCHMANN'S 

VEGETABLE y E A C T 
COMPRESSED I C A 3 1 

HAS NO EQUAL 



MVNTAI. ill'' liKFKIIKM'K ( i l< TKXT1I.I-: Hnl;|,H;>. 



35 



WOOLEN CARDS AND WORSTED 
COMBS. 

A SLIGHT GAIN IN COMBS AND FALLING 
OFF IN CARDS IN THE PAST TWO YEARS. 



Dockham's Textile Report and Directory, 
for 1895, gives an approximate number of 
the wool cards and worsted combs in the 
United States, which we give in the follow- 
ing table. It will be seen that there has 
been a slight falling off in the number of 
woolen cards run (21), and an increase of 
51 worsted combs. 



Location. 1892. 1894. 

Alabama 3 3 

Arkansas 5 6 

California 40 38 

Colorado 2 2 

Connecticut 648 fi42 

Dakota 

Delaware 13 13 

Florida .... 

Georgia 19 17 

Idaho 1 

Illinois 78 811 

Indiana 142 125 

Iowa 45 39 

Kansas 2 2 

Kentucky 69 72 

Louisiana .... .... 

Maine 395 400 

Maryland 30 41 

Massachusetts 1,827 1,811 

Michigan 55 68 

Minnesota 29 34 

Mississippi 29 29 

Missouri 32 38 

Montana .... 

Nebraska 1 

New Hampshire 487 488 

NewJersey 266 229 

New York 1,461 1,474 

North Carolina 17 17 

Ohio 122 129 

Oregon 24 26 

Pennsylvania 1,307 1,313 

Rhode Island 544 522 

South Carolina 1 1 

South Dakota 3 3 

Tennessee 67 69 

Texas 9 6 

Utah 25 23 

Vermont 165 164 

Virginia 69 69 

Washington 2 2 

West Virginia 29 31 

Winconsin 73 83 17 18 

Wyoming Territory 

Totals 8,132 8,111 1,097 1,148 



NUMBER OF COTTON SPINDLES 
IN THE UNITED STATES. 

AN INCREASE OF 340,319 SPINDLES IN 
TWO YEARS. 



Dockham's Textile Report and Directory 
has compiled for its 1895 edition statistics 
regarding the number of spindles now run- 
ning in the United States, as reported by 
the various mills, which we print below. 



Location 

Alabama 

Arkansas 

Cait'ornia 

Colorado 

Connecticut. 

Dakota 

Delaware 

Florida 

Georgia 



1892. 

138,471 

8,900 
10.000 
15,648 

1,11211,0711 



1894. 

170,159 

9,148 

10,000 

15,648 

1,033,935 



51,711 52,052 



550,510 48,! 



Idaho 

Illinois 

Indiana 

Iowa 

Kansas 

Kentucky 

Louisiana 

Maine 

Maryland 

Massachusetts 6 

Michigan 

Minnesota 

Mississippi 

M issouri 

Montana 

Nebraska 

Mew Hampshire 1 

New Jersey 

New York 

North Carolina 

Ohio 

Oregon 

Pennsylvania 389,985 401,841 11,856 

Rhode Island 

South Carolina 508,404 626,883 us, 179 

South Dakota 

Tennessee 117,841 121,984 4,143 

Texas 71,234 66,774 

Utah 432 432 

Vermont 811,271 102,303 22,032 

Virginia 111,756 139,356 27,600 

Washington 

West Virginia 

Wisconsin 33,248 33.248 

Wyoming Territory .... .... 

Totals 16,286,099 17,126,418 858,169 17,850 



49,143 
53,0110 
923,541 
173,900 
817,711 



15,360 
288,351 
139 "22 

622,399 

510,190 
27,052 

389,985 

086,1187 
508,404 



50,043 
58,860 
931,116 

174.710 

7,160,180 



15,360 

1,296,61 6 
139 328 

7.6 859 



36 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



Grew Levigk @o., 



-MANUFACTURERS OF 



Spindle, Loom, 

AND 

Wool Oils. 

Main Office: 113 Arch St., Philadelphia. 

Refineries : Warren and South Chester, Pa. 



SPECIALTY : 



"GLADE" Velocity Cotton Spindle Oil. 



MORO PHILLIPS ^ 
k CHEMICAL CO., 

131 SO. THIRD STREET, 

Philadelphia, Pa. 



MANUFACTURERS OF 



AMERICAN PHOSPHOROUS, 
ACIDS, CHEMICALS, 



GLAUBER SALTS. 



Showing Castings Produced by our Process, 




The Champion Sewing Machine Co. 

BUILDERS OP 

Rib Knitting Machines 

For Underwear and Hosiery. 



Single and Double Thread Sewing 
and Trimming Machines. 



New Style, Link Motion, Plain and Shell 
Crochet Machines. 



1824-26-28-30 Manor St., Philadelphia. 

^"Estimates furnished for entire plants for Un- 
derwear or Hosiery. 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 37 



COTTON MANUFACTURING IN NORTH CAROLINA. 

Interesting Facts From the Report of the Commis- 
sioner of Labor. 

The following interesting facts concerning cotton manufacturing in North Carolina are digested from 
the advance sheets of the annual reporl of Commissioner of Labor Statistics Lacy, now being printed. 

The total number of cotton mills in operation in North Carolina at the beginning of the presenl year 

was L67 ; total number of woolen mills, 9 — there being one other not al present in operation. Total i iber 

of spindles operated by the cotton and woolen nulls, 703,997; total number of looms, 15,059. Only 60 per 
cent, of the mills reported the number of women and children operatives employed by them; in this 60 per 
there are employed 6329 women and 2339 children under the age of fourteen years. Of the latter 1000 
are girls and 1339 are boys. 

■ The mills are located in twenty-nine different ( nties. The number of days during the year 1894 

in which they were operated varied from 100 to 310. The average of 260 days work in twelve counties was 
eleven hours, in eleven counties it, was ten hours, in four counties twelve hours, in one county 11 1-2 hours. 
In nineteen counties a ten hour system is favored, while in the other ten it is opposed. In twelve counties 
the mill people, owners ami operatives, think that the matter should lie regulated by law. 

A special inquiry was made to ascertain the views of the mill people regarding the minimum a"e at 
which children should lie employed in mills. The majority of answers from nine counties favored fifteen 
years, in eleven counties fourteen year-, while many of the answers favored twelve years. A majority of 
the replies favored regulating the hours for children by law. 

In three counties employment of operatives is not regular; in all others it is. The dwelling houses 
used by operatives are generally owned by the owners of the mills. There is considerable difference among 
mill owners and mill superintendents as to the number of hours which should constitute a day's work in the 
south, many of them claiming that it is necessary to work eleven and twelve hours with southern labor in 
order to successfully compete with northern manufacturers. 

The daily wages ranee for skilled men operatives Horn 70 cents up. Unskilled men from tilt cents 
to SI. 00. Average 7."> cents. 

Skilled women operatives from 40 to 90 cents. Average 60 cents. Unskilled women 30 to 60 cents. 
Average 45 cents. Children under 11 years 1 ."i to lo cents. Average 30 cents. 

The wages of operatives are all paid in cash in all of the 1(17 mills save nineteen ; two pay only 5 per 
cent, in cash, and one pays entirely in "checks" — that is, orders on stores, generally owued by mill owners. 

COTTON MANUFACTURING IN JAPAN. 

Fifteen years ago Japan had but one cotton mill. Since the year 1S7!) nearly forty mills have been 
constructed and most of them are fitted with the latest and best machinery, electric light, etc., and are run- 
ning day and night. Native labor costs 1 (i 1-2 cents for males and eight cents for females. In 1886 
Japan imported 4,000,000 pounds of raw cotton, and 105,000,000 pounds in 1893. Yarns form the main 
article of manufacture. These are sold principally in China. Mills are now being constructed for the 
manufacturer of all kinds of cotton fabrics. 



38 



MAM Al. til' REFERENCE Ob' TEXTILE WORKERS 




ja-SCOTT 5t WILLIHMS'-S- 

Automatic Seamless Hosiery Machine. 



[See Next Page.) 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OB TEXTILE WORKERS 



39 



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5j ft o 



33> £-0q w 

3 < oq rt 
, s P rt 3 



O 

-1 3 

rt 04 



a. fl *S 



5 3-;* 

rt, P S.*0 

CV 7T — rt 

C rt ~ 1 

n ^>rt2 g- 

3 < « >< 

ft. c ft ft 

3. O rt rt 

3 N rt 



rt ^ rtp) 

P O 

3 < % 

5 ft. < 

v; rt 



330 O rtj 



3T Oq 3. 



^ P 



40 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



•BRMNSON MACHINE CO.,« 

MANUFACTURERS OF THE IMPROVED "BRANSON" 

KNITTING MACHINES AND 
AUTOMATIC RIBBERS, SING lb OR doubib F be D , 

Special Machinery to Order. 



•• 



James L, Branson, Pres. 

Edwin R. Branson, Sec, and Treas. 




506 ST. JOHN STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 

* GEO. J. BURKh^RbTS^ONS~* 

283i-283g No. Broad St., Philadelphia. 



MANUFACTURERS' AND LIYIORS' 



WATER TANKS, DYE TUBS, 

HOT and COLD BLUE VATS, 

Wash Boxes, Boiling Kiers, &c, &c. 



SEND FOR CATALOGUE. 



Mill * Supplies, 

Extra 5hort=Lap 
Oak and Giant Raw= 
Hide Belting. 

Lace Leather, Wood Pulleys, Shuttles, 

Importer of English Picker and Apron Leather. 



INSINGER & CO, 

Loom and Jacquard ^j^ 
Manufacturers, ^F 



160 WEST LEHIGH AVENUE, 



PHILADELPHIA. 



MANUFACTURERS OF 

Looms and Jacquard Machines for Tape, Binding, Ribbon, 
Goring, Suspender, Fringe, etc. 

Jacquard Machines for Shafts and Harness Looms. 

Our new double-acting side Jacquard is specially adapted 
for fast running Looms. 

Patented change motions for 2, 3, 4 or 6 banks of shuttles 
and positive in its action at any speed. 

Lathes or battons, straight or circular shuttles, 2, 3 or 4 
banks. 

Patent Quill Winders for shuttle quills. 



At the old Stand, 10 to 30 East Canal St., 

(-Near 1033 N. Front Street,) PHILADELPHIA . 



MANUAL OK REFERENCE <>F TEXTILE WORKERS. 



II 




MATTHEW HART, 

New Bedford, Mass., 

Gen. Vice-President National Union ok 

Textile Workers of America, 

and 

Secretary of Weavers Union No. 7 of 

New Bedford, Mass. 



TEXTILE INDUSTRY IN NEW BEDFORD, 


MASS. 


COTTON SPINDLES. LOOMS. EMPLOYES 


1,082,300. 17,000. 10,225. 



42 



MANUAL OP REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



A. • KLIRSTEIN • & • CO., 

122 PEHRL ST., NEW YORK. 

CHEMICALS AND DYESTUFFS. 



SOLE AGENTS FOR 



ANILINE + COLORS 

A\*de by tfee Society of (ben?ial Mustry, B&sle, Switzerland. 

BRANCHES: 

120 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa. 283 and 285 Congress St., Boston, Mass. 

124 Michigan St., Chicago, 111. Hamilton, Ont. 




MAM'.M- ">K HKKKHKNt'K OK TEXTILE WOUKEBS. 



43 



THE COTTON INDUSTRY IN ENGLAND AND ASIA. 



The Textile Mercury of Manchester, England, prints the following communication from a Liverpool 
firm engaged in the cotton trade from which we take the following extracts: 

"In Japan the male operatives only receive about 17 sen, or 8 1-2(1. per day, and females 9 sen, or 
4 l-2d per day at the outside (a sen being equal to one half-penny of our money when the Japanese dollar is 
worth 4s. 2d., but at present is worth considerable less than Is. 2d., so that the sen is now worth much less 
than the half penny) . Mechanics (for good men) receive only 10s. per week, engineers lQs. to 12., dril- 
lers 8s., fire beaters Gs. 

"In India in 1879 there were only 56 mills, and in L894 there were 1 12 cotton mills, some of them 
spinning line counts from Egyptian cotton. In Japan in 1887 there were only 1!) mills, but in 1894 there 
were 43 cotton mills, some of which are also spinning line counts from Egyptian cotton. 

China in time will be a large producer of yarn, for in that country they have commenced building 
cotton mills, and last year (1894) there were no less than seven mills being equipped there. In other 
countries large cotton mills are being built equal to the best in Oldham. The spindles in Great Britain today 
are estimated to be 45,270,000, being the same total as on September 30, 1893. The continent has seen an 
increase on the year of COD, DIM), the total standing at 27,350,000; the United States an increase of 200,000, 
with a total of 15,841,000 ; and India an increase of 74,000, with a total of 3,650,000 spindles. Below will 
be found the population and the number of spindles in the different countries ; also the hours worked and 
wages earned per week. 



Country. 


Year. 


Popula- 
tion. 


Spindles. 


Hours of 

Labor 
per week. 


Mule Spinners' 
,\Vages per week. 


Ring Spinners. 


Piecers. 


Weavers. 


Great Britain... 
Switzerland 


1891-3 

1891-2 

1891-2 

1891-2 

1891-2 

1891-2 

1891-2 

1891-2 

1891-2 

1891-2 

1891-3 

1893 

1893 

1893 


38,200,000 

50,320,H00 

3,000,000 

100,430,0(111 

39,000,000 

6,2iill,(»NI 

4,652,(1110 

31,9(10,01)0 

18,ll)ii,0ii0 

42,000,000 

68,000,1 Oil 

294,ll(lli,il()0 

42,01 1(1,(111(1 

396,000,000 


45,270,000 
6,1(71,000 
1,722,000 
6,01(0,0(10 
5,040,000 

930,1 

260,000 
1,686,000 
2,050,000 
2,40(1,(1110 

15,811,0(1(1 

3,650, 

33,on0 


56 1-2 
60 to 70 

66 
70 to 84 
66 to 70 
66 to 72 
58 to 66 
66 to 84 j 
66 to 80 
72 to 80 ! 
58 to 66 
72 to 80 
69 to 70 


36s. to 50s. 
18s. to 24s. 

17s. 
10s. to 18s. 
16s. to 24s. 
12 s. to 20s. 
15s. to 26s. 
Ids. to 16s. men. 
4s. 6d.to 6s.6d.wo'en 

lis. to 18s. 

9s 6d. to 13s. men. 

6s. 6d. to His. women 

35s. to 46s. 

6s. 3d. to 7s. Kid. 

Is. 1(1 l-2d. to 3s. 


12s. to 15s. 


12s. to 22s. 


15s. to 27s. 










6s. to 8s. 










Holland 




















Italy 






4s. 6d. to 5s.9d.wo'en 


Soain 




















6s. Rd. to los. women 


U. S. America... 


10s. to 21s. 




Is. 10 1-2d.to2s.6d 






Is. 3d. to Is 9d. 




i ' 





















"Cotton spinning is quite anew industry in China, lint there this year no less than seven cotton spin- 
ning mills being equipped there. If we take the ten years, 1885 to 1894, the relative increase works out to 
5.28 per cent, for Great Britain, 20.22 per cent, for the continent, 19.55 per cent, for the United States, and 
70.16 percent, for India. These figures alone should be suflicient to prove to everybody how amazingly 
fast foreign countries are extending and building cotton spinning mills, etc., thereby, as it were, taking the 
bread out of our months. 

"The more foreign countries manufacture for themselves the less there will be for ns in this country 
[continued ox page forty-five.] 



-11 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



FIRTH 5 FOSTER BROS.. 

DYERS * AND * FINISHERS 



PHILADELPHIA. 



iflZORKS: THYLOR, HDHMS HND EMERHLD STREETS. 



Philadelphia Office : 
134 Chestnut Street. 

AMERICANCAP, TUBE 

AND SPINDLE WORKS. 

ESTABLISHED 1 874. 



JOHN HENRY GEISSER, 

N. E. Cor. Second and Diamond Sts., - Philadelphia. 



GENTLEMEN: 

Having established myself at the above location, I 
am now prepared, with enlarged facilities, to execute 
your commands with despatch, and shall be pleased to 
furnish lowest estimate on 

Caps, Tubes, and all kinds of Spindles, 
Model Making, Etc. 

Special attention given to repairing Steam Engines, 
Silk, Woolen, Cotton, and all other kinds of Machinery, 
Tapes, Tubes, Castings, Pulleys, &c. at the shortest no- 
tice. 

With thanks for your esteemed favors in the past, I 
remain, 

Yours respectfully, 

JOHN HENRY GEISSER. 



New York Office. 
351 Canal Street. 



'AMERICAN ANILINE COLORS." 



The Largest Manufacturers in America 



REPRESENTED BY 



W. W. HHNNM. 



FAST COLORS . . . 

FOE 

Wool, Cotton, Silk, Leather and Paint. 

Alizarine and Extract Indigo. 



50 & 51 North Front St., 

PHILADELPHIA. 

Telephone No. 523. 



MAM'AL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 45 

THE COTTON INDUSTRY. 



[continued from PAGE FORTT-THREE.] 

to do. When the American home trade is depressed the exports of cotton goods from the United States 
usually increase. We find accordingly, from the official statistics just received, that in the nine months 
ended September 30 the total exports amounted to 147,348,620 yards, as against 111.17) ,875 yards in the 
corresponding period of 1898, the increase being 32,873,745 yards, or al the rate of 28.5 per cent. 

""With regard to the depressed state of the cotton bade of this country it should be noted that, taking 
'.•-! companies witha total capital (consisting of shares, loans, and mortgages) amounting to £7,156,521, the 
total market value of those 94 companies according to the share list, is only £2,000,000. This is an indica- 
tion of the very regrettable results as regards working of concerns which may be looked upon as beino the 
best, not only in this country, but in any other country. Ami of those HI companies 67 have had losses in 
the way of adverse balances amounting to £380,000, and 60 of them have paid no dividend this year. 

"No more new mills should be built in this country for some years to conic, lull the existing mill 
should, when necessary, be worked night and day, with two sets of hands. The operatives were never so 
well paid or so well oft' as they are at the present time, their wages have been increased very considerably 
during the last twenty years, while bread, meat, clothing, and house rents, as well as everything they require, 
were never so cheap as now. The price of labor is about the only thing that has not declined, or been af- 
fected by the decline in silver, although a sovereign will now purchase about twice as much as the same 
amount would have done 20 years ago. If we are to compete successfully with all foreign countries our 
workpeople will undoubtedly have to work considerably longer hours, and lie content with at least 25 per 
cent, less wages. 



THE RISE AND FALL OF THE PRICE LIST OF WAGES OF THE BLACKBURN 
(ENGLAND) OPERATIVES. 

1853. August 17. List compiled and adopted. 

1853. August 19. Advance of 10 percent, on list. 

1854. May 19. Reduced to list. 

18G0. March 10. Advance of ."> per cent, on list. 

1861. February 7. Reduced to list. 

1867. April 15. List revised. 

1869. May 6. Reduced 5 per cent, on list. 

1 s 7 u . .Inly 28. Standard list restored. 

1878. April 3. Notice of reduction of 10 per cent. 

1878. April 17 and IS. Strike of operatives against, the reduction. 

1878. June 19 and 20. Strike ended ; reduction accepted. 

1879. April 2. Reduced ."> per cent. more. 
1881. January 1, Advance of 5 per cent. 

1883. Dee. 13. Reduction of 5 per cent., making 15 per cent, below list ; 45,000 looms stopped by strike. 

1884. February 14. Majority returned to work under promise of a future restoration made to Gen. Com. 
1884. July 2. Advance of 5 per cent, as per agreement. 

1892. June 24. Advance of 10 per cent. ; old list adopied. 



46 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



R. GREENWOOD. 



WILLIAM BAULT. 



JOHN T. GREENWOOD. 



R. GREENWOOD & BAULT, 



•*.;vi". .'.••. 



■•■■•'•;:.'* .'•..■•":?• ;;*.;.• 



GLOBE DYE AND BLEACH WORKS, 



• •;•• .•:•■» .•;•> ••^•'» 



PHILADELPHIA, PH. 



OFFICE: 



WORKS: 



Cor. Chestnut and 2nd Sts., Phila. 



Oxford and Worth Sts., Frankford. 



GEO. C. HOWARD 




im Barker St., Philadelphia, Pa. 

ESTABLISHED IN 1845. 



Cotton and Wool Finishing for Fulling, 
Napping, Brushing, Shearing, Steaming, 
Lapping, Rolling and Measuring. 

Repairs to all makes of Machines. Shear 
grinding and repairing. 

Shafting, Pulleys, Gearing. 

Presses, Eccentric Lever Hydraulic Screw 
Hand or Power Card Grinding Machines. 

Plat and Bonnet Forming Presses. 

Hoisting Machinery, Automatic Hatch 
Doors and Gates. 

We also give attention to Perfecting Inventions and 
Roving Processes. 



* 



M. D. ATKINSON, 



STGHM 



Josephine, above Church Street. 

FRANKFORD, PHILA. 

Re-Sawing an<I Planing «lon« at snort notic?. 



m^ 



MANl'W. OF Itl'l- '.r.UKNl'K »K TKXTII.E WclKRHIv 



17 




RICHARD McGUY, 

Providence, R. I. 

Member of General Executive Council of the 

National Union of Textile Workers 

of America, 

and 

Secterary-Treasurer of the District Council 

of Rhode Island. 



48 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



The Worcester 



ESTABLISHED 1860. 

INCORPORATED 1891. 



Bleach *H Dye Works Co. 



BLEACHER? an<l DYERS M Sotton Yarn? in Fast Colors 

OP (M ON BEAA\S AND SP°°L-5 

COTTON YARNS €r WARPS, f| FOR WOOLE/H & WOR5TED (j 

BRAIDS^THR^DS^ TAPES,^^ J 

A SUBSTITUTE FOR ACID IN 

REHOVING BURRS FROM WOOL. 



CHRBONIZER. 

Alum of all grades. Oil, Vitriol, Muriatic and Nitric Acids, Glauber Salts, 
Tin Crystals, Muriatic of Tin and Antimony, Etc. 

/^arjufacturesl and For Sale by tr>e 

MERRIMAC CHEMICAL CO. 

13 REARL STREET, BOSTON. 

EPWORKS AT SOUTH WILMINGTON, MASS., SO. D1V. B. X M. R. R. 




THOMAS * STEWART 

— MANUFACTURER OF — 

LOOA\ REEDS 



-AND DEALER IN — 



CflRpET and COTTON MILL 5UPPUE5. 

Nn. 312 MbsIet St., PhiMElphia. 

(SECOND AND THIRD FLOORS.) 



S^-PARTICULAR ATTENTION PAID TO ALL 





191 and 193 Berks St., Philadelphia. 



MVM'W nl Kill IMA' V OV TEXTI I.K WORKERS 



III 



NUMBER OF SHLLP IN U. S. 



FINAL RETURNS BY STATES FOR JANUARY 1, 18 9 5. 



W \miin..i..n. Id i'.. 12, L895. 

Tin- full official figures nl' the number of sheep in the United States on Jan 1. 1895, and the wool clip for 
1894, have finally been compiled by Mr. Robinson, the statistician of the department of agriculture, ami his con- 
scientious assistant. .Mr. Phillips. An efforl was made this yeai to obtain the figures earlier than ever before, but 
some discrepancies were discovered in the firsl returns which required much correspondence by mail and telegraph 
to secure absolutely correct and indisputable figures. The figures which are furnished by the department of 
agriculture are obtained from stale agents scattered over the country, and also from special agents of the depart- 
ment, who use every means in their power to verity the returns which are furnished by farmers, state officials and 
statisticians. 

The estimated wool clip for L894 is 298,057,384 pounds as againsl 303,000,000 pounds in 1893. The 

average weight of the fleece, however, continues to increase from year to year, and stands for l-SHI at 5.42 pounds 
as against 5.33 pounds in L893. The number of sheep has also fallen oft' during 1894, and is now reported at 
12,294,064 as against ko,048,017 Jan. 1, 1894. The average price shows the effect of the general price d 

si, m of tin- past year, and falls from $1.98 to $1.5H, pulling down the aggregate value of the sheep in the United 

States from $89,186,110 to $66,685,767. 

New England seems to he among the losers iii number of sheep as well as in average value, hut New York 
and Pennsylvania also show large losses ami Texas and Ohio smaller ones iii proportion to their total sheep hold- 
ings. The western ranges, contrary to lirst reports, show increases in- several cas,-s in the number of sheep over 
the figuresof a year ago. The following tables gives by states the number of sheep, the average price and the 
value on Jan. L, 1894 and .Ian. 1, 1893. 



and Territories. 

Maine 

New Hampshire 



Massachusetts 

Rhode Island 

Connecticut 

New York 

ey 

Pennsylvania 



Maryland 



North Carolina 

South Carolina 



Florida 

A la l>a ma 

Mississippi 

Louisiana 

Texas 

Tennessee 

West Virginia 

Kentucky 

Ohio....' 

Michigan 

I 

Illinois 

Wisconsin 

Minnesota 

Iowa 

Missouri 

Kansas 

i 

South Dakota 

North Dakota 

Montana 

rig Territory 

t loiorado 

New Mexico 

Arizona .. 

Utah 

Nevada 

Idaho 

Washington 

Oregon 

( 'alifornia 

Oklahoma 



rice. Value. 

si 93 
I '.IT 

1 60 363,464 
3 43 . 169,137 

2 79 31,468 
:i 2a 12::, 2 13 

2 27 

3 11 172,849 

1 95 

2 lil 

2 62 361,519 

2 17 974,027 
1 34 

1 61 [28 86 ; 

1 33 537,530 

172,857 

1 la 

1 21 484.331 

1 37 244,112 

1 21 4,541,812 

1 36 

i 

1 79 1,137,731 

l 89 

1 72 6,139.924 

1 SS 3,697,091 

1 89 1,581,454 

2 04 1,747,835 
I 65 1,474,414 

1 79 876,241 

2 06 

1 63 1 101 
1 67 

1 85 339,783 
l 6 i 

1 68 616,701 

I 61 4,227,400 

1 64 2,01 1,107 

1 62 1,984,058 

90 2,692,898 

1 21 ,081 

1 47 2,998,885 

2 42 1,316,667 
1 41 1,299 770 
1 71 l,3n4.360 
1 16 2,945,905 

1 65 

2 80 63,760 

H 58 $66,685,767 



1893. 

Pi rritories. 



.Mew Hampshire 

' 

MCassai husetts 

land 

I lont t ient 

■h 



Pennsylvania 



nl 





Soul li I '.in Una 



Florida 

Alabama 

Mississippi 

a 

Texas.. 

Arkansas 

Wesl Virginia 

Kentucky 

Ohio 

Michigan 

Indiana 

Illinois 

Wisconsin 

Minnesota 







Nebraska 

s h i lakota 

North Dakota 

Montana 

Wyoming 

Colorado 

sico 

Arizona 

Utah 

Nevada 

Idaho 

Washington 



t taifornia 

Oklahoma 

Totals 



115,471 
280,170 
51,441 
11,279 

39,9311 

l,388,n51 

57,571 

12,873 
1 15,446 
188.432 
376,309 

78,384 
411,169 

184,273 
3,814,405 

,iiy,77n 

1,082,976 

775.222 
1,000,953 
323,392 
277,' 52 
336,960 

1,198,567 

691,246 

544.077 
779,547 

8,918,157 

18.222 

45,048,017 



3 46 
2 85 

4 08 



1 79 

1 22 
1 42 
1 52 
1 13 
1 34 
1 81 



235,177 
1,530 700 

147,843 
1,247.651 

646,687 

421,057 
588,435 



613,014 
754,073 

2. 196,22 • 

1,209,681 
3,098.480 
1,161,162 

1.75:^ ' 



' n; 



a io 

si 98 



4.133,103 

7. or. 625 

38,256 



50 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 

The Philadelphia Bobbir) ai)d Shuttle Co. 

JAHES H. BILLINGTON & CO., Prop. 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

B0BB\NS, SPOOUS, SHVimtS, ETC. 

Jf FOR THE 

Cotton, Woolen, Silk, Worsted ajjd Urpet Trades. 






\_ ': 



1 13 CHESTNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 

SS^CORRESPONDENCE S«>L.ICTED.^©3 



ESTABLISHED 1835. 



JOHN M. SHARPLESS & CO., 

RIVERSIDE DYEW00D MILLS AND EXTRACT WORKS. 

Manufacturers of Solid and Paste 

Extracts * of * Dyewoods, 

CUT AND BOLTED, COARSE OR FINE 

■ft DYEWOODS. * 



Importers of Indigo, Cochineals, Cutch, Tumeric, Szgo Flour, Gambler, Fuller's 

Farth, Soda Ash, Sal Soda, Bleaching Powders, Oxalic Acid, 

Bichromate Potash, Ftc, Ftc. 

Office: 22 ]Wh Front Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 



MAMAL ill-' III-. I- 'KIIKM'E (IF TKXTILK WORKERS. 



51 



STATISTICS OF COTTON MANUFACTURING IN AUSTRIA FOR 1885 AND 1890. 



The movements of the Austrian Cotton manufacture during recent years are clearly shown in the official stat- 
istics just published by the statistical department of the Austrian ministry of trade. They give the figures for two 
years, 1885 and 1890, as follows: 

In 1885 there were 135 cotton-spinning establishments, with 25,000 hands, (10,555 male, 11,846 females, and 2699 
children), 2,011,938 spinning spindles, and 73,640 twisting spindles. In 1890 there were 153 establishments, with 32,- 
183 e n )loye5,(17,073 mile, 15,742 fen lies), with 375$ roving fram.33, 7173 cu\linr ea lines, 2,337,033 spinning spindles, 
and 85,078 twisting spindles. 

In 1885 there were 57 cotton-waste spinning establishments, with 2015 hands (892 male, 778 females, and 347 
children ), 86 motors, and 1594 horse power. In 1890 there were only 35 establishments, with 1380 hands, (758 males, 622 
females ), 319 roving frames, 138 carding engines, and 67,512 spindles. 

In the year 1885 there were 180 cotton power loom weaving and 261 hand weaving establishments, with 68,571 
hands (32,546 male, 30,830 females, and 5195 children) and 35,590 hand looms, of which 33,809 were simple, 1781 jac- 
quards, and 37,504 power looms. In 1890 the figures for power looms were: 194 establishments with 48,334 hands 
21,017 male, 27,367 female), and 5192 hand looms, of which 5024 were simple, and 160 jacquards, and 49,033 power 
looms of which 45,588 were simple, and 3465 jacquards. For the hand weaving the figures were as follows: There 
were 339 establishments, with 28,136 hands, (23,246 male, 5073 females), and 21,492 looms, of which 20,609 were sim- 
ple and 883 were jacquards. 

In 1885 there were 49 calico printing establishments, with 6106 hands, (3971 male, 1871 female, and 284 children i, 
180 printing machines, and 759 printing tables. In 1890 there were only 41 establishments, with 7180 hands (5224 
male, 1956 female), 172 printing machines, 398 printing tables, and 82 steam apparatus. 



THE WORLD'S PRODUCTION OF WOOL. 



( lOl NTR1ES. 


Pounds. 


< HI NTRIES. 


Pounds. 


( 'nl NTRIES. 


Pounds. 


Europe : 


291,500,000 

1 17. IT."., 000 

124,803,000 

66,138,000 

54,894,000 

43,146,000 

21,385,000 

1 1,155,000 

10,362,000 

4,409,000 

3,307,000 

8,818,000 


North America : 

British N.A.Prov. . 
South America : 
Argentine Republic 
(exports L885). . 


307,100.000 

12,000.000 

376,700,000 
1,87:.. ooo 

6,700,000 


Afganistan, Belu- 
chistan, and Thi- 
bet ( exports to In- 
dia ) 




(it. Britain & Irel'd 


12.200.(1(10 

8,300,000 

31,555,000 

■'•..470,000 




Asiatic Turkey .... 
Persia (exports to 


( rermany 

Hungary 

It;lly . '. 


Austria 


Uruguay (exports 
1884) 


42,000,000 
550,000 ooo 


Africa : 

( !ape< lolony & Natal 
(exports 1885). . 






128,681,600 
2,800,000 
18,000,000 




Asia : 

British East Indies 
(exports 1885-86) 


72,000,000 

66,000,000 


All other Europe. . . 


All other countries. 
Total production. 


Total Europe . . . 


762,589,000 


2,456,773,600 





This data is for 1891 except when otherwise stated. 
"The Wool Book," published by the National Association of 



The statistics of this and the following table are from 
Wool Manufacturers. 



THE WORLD'S WOOL SUPPLY SINCE 1870. 

The figures prior to 1891 are the estimates of the London Board of Trade. 



Coun- 
tries. 


1870. 


1880. 


1891. 


Coun- 
tries. 


1870. 


1880. 


1891. 


United 

Kingdom .. 
Continent of 

Europe 

N. .America.. 

Austral- 


Pounds. 
150,000,000 

485,000,000 
176,000,000 

175,000,000 


Pounds. 
149,000,000 

450,000,000 
270,000,000 

308,000,000 


Pounds. 
147,475,000 

639,917,000 
319,100,000 

550,000,000 


Cape Good 
Hope 

R. Plate 

Other 
Countries.... 

Grand Totals.. 


Pounds. 

43,000,000 
197,000,000 

69,000,000 

1,295,000,000 


Pounds. 
60,000,000 
256,000,000 

133,000,000 

1,626,000,000 


Pounds. 

128,681,600 
376,700,000 

294,900,000 

2,456,773 600 
















MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS'. 
8^=*WE ARE EXPERTS IN 

- DRYING. - 

RSMOiZHL OF STGHM HeHT- 
ING ^ENTILHTION. 

Correspondence Solicited. 




Barney Ventilating Fan Co., 

54 OLIVER ST., BOSTON, 3IA8S. 

Hosmer, Codding « Co. 



WHOLSALE DEALERS AND JOBBERS IN 



Boots, Shoes and Rubbers. 

133 to 137 Federal Street, 

BOSTON, MASS. 

l&Slf 3 Agents for Tenney's Iaiie of Fine Shoes for Men 
JSoys and Yoriths. Also the May en School Shoe 
and "TSoston Lane" for Men. Ash Your Retailer 
for these Goods. 

BURNHAM & RAGE, 



MANUFACTURERS OF 



Leather Belting, 

TOP ROLL COVERERS ™ MILL SUPPLY DEALERS. 

168 Broadwa,y Ilawrence, jVtass. 



MAM Al. Ill- III-'. I KKI.M'K OF TKXTILK WORKERS. 



53 



WEEKLY QUOTATIONS OF PRINTING CLOTHS 



AggrcK;it< storks ;it Fall River, Providence and New York. 

The Stock includes all Goods outside of Printing Establishments. 
Prices are the same at Fall River, Providence, Boston and R ewl brk. 
r 





Quotations for Extra 


Aggregate Stocks. 




64 x 61. 


(In Thousaucis of Pieces.) 


Date. 








-si 




ei 




« 1 IN 






























































Sept. 2 


2 3-1 


3 1-2 


2 15-16 


670 




682 


9 


'• 


" 


3 


614 


— 


581 


" 16 


" 


" 


" 


646 


— 


550 


" 23 


3 


" 


" 


582 


— 


472 


•' 30 


2 7-8 


» 


u 


620 


5 


435 


Oct. 7 


2 3-4 


" 


" 


626 


14 


455 


" 11 


2 7-8 


" 


" 


635 


28 


475 


" 21 


2 13-16 


" 


'* 


6?8 


— 


493 


" 25 


2 7-8 


3 11-16 


" 


592 


2 


523 


Nov. 4 


11 


" 


2 7-8 


619 


— 


544 


" 11 


2 15-16 


3 3-4 




536 


— 


565 


" 18 


" 


3 13-16 


" 


567 


3 


536 


" 25 


3 


4 


" 


574 


10 


549 


Dec. 2 


" 


4 1-16 


2 15-16 


299 


6 


441 


9 


" 


" 


" 


301 


5 


434 


" IS 


" 


" 


3 1-16 


302 


5 


288 


" 23 


2 15-16 


" 


" 


331 


11 


273 


" 30 


" 


" 


" 


340 




266 


1884. 














Jan. 6 


" 


4 


" 


377 


9 


263 


" 13 


2 7-8 


" 


" 


428 


7 


260 


" 20 


2 13-16 


( i 


(t 


473 


1 


238 


" 27 


»' 


" 


3 1-8 


502 


1 


250 


Feb. 3 


2 7-8 


•' 


" 


446 


7 


62 


" 10 


" 


" 


" 


505 


— 


45 


" 17 


2 3-4 


" 


" 


547 


— 


28 


" 24 


" 


" 


3 1-16 


591 


— 


15 


Mar. 3 


2 3-4 


" 


" 


639 


5 


10 


" 10 


" 


" 


" 


671 


13 


9 


ii 17 


" 


" 


" 


655 


22 


— 


" 24 


" 


3 3-4 


11 


652 


40 


— 


" 31 


2 13-16 


'» 


» 


644 


55 


12 


April 7 


" 


'• 


•' 


657 


91 


35 


" 14 


(( 


31-2 


" 


674 


97 


59 


" ?1 


2 3-4 


" 


" 


700 


120 


51 


" 28 


" 


3 1-4 


" 


750 


121 


38 


May 5 




31-8 


2 13-16 


779 


135 


44 


" 12 


2 11-16 


" 


2 7-8 


806 


126 


36 


" 19 


" 


3 3-16 


2 15-16 


886 


123 


6 


" 26 


" 


3 7-16 


>< 


905 


81 


6 


June 2 


'• 


" 


3 3-8 


941 


84 


— 


" 9 


" 


3 3-8 


" 


1,000 


97 


— 


" 16 


" 


" 


" 


1,060 


116 


— 


" 23 


" 


" 


" 


1,082 


140 


— 


" 30 


" 


3 1-4 


" 


1,124 


156 


— 


July 7 


" 


" 


" 


1,163 


232 


— 


ii 14 


2 5-8 


3 


3 1-2 


1,162 


328 


— 


ii 21 


" 


2 7-8 


" 


1,183 


395 


— 


" 28 


" 


2 3-4 


" 


1,227 


462 


— 


Aug. 4 


" 


" 


" 


1,217 


548 


— 


" 11 


11 


" 


t( 


1,246 


581 


— 


" 18 


" 


2 11-16 


<i 


1,236 


629 


— 


" 25 


2 3-4 


" " 


1,052 


653 4 



Philadelphia, Pa., 
PRICE LIST FOR WEAVING 

Adopted by the 

Power Loom hit/ruin ('m/tri [icurcrx Protective 
Association. 

To go into effect Jan. 21, '95, and continue to 
June 1, '95. 



B i 

3 a B 


a 

o 

a, 
S 
o 

O 


U r. 

a,io 


t, a. 

fll Oio 


3-PLYlNGRAIN. 
Cotton Plain. 


Fast 
loom. 


Slow 
loom. 


G ars. 
15 
16 
17 


Gears. 
9 
10 


Cents. 

2 3-4 


Cents. 
3 


Cents. 
6 1-2 


Cents. 
7 1-4 


18 


11 
12 


3 


3 1-4 


Wool Plain. 


19 
20 


Fast 
loom. 


Slow 
loom. 


21 

22 
23 
24 


13 

14 


31-4 


31-2 


Cents. 

7 


Cents. 
7 3-1 


25 
26 

27 


15 

16 


31-2 


3 3-4 






28 
29 
30 


17 

18 


3 3-4 


4 






31 
32 
33 


19 

20 


4 


41-4 






34 

35 
36 
37 


21 
22 


4 1-4 


4 1-2 






38 
39 
40 


23 

24 


4 1-2 


4 3-4 






41 
42 
43 
44 


25 
26 


4 3-4 


5 






45 
46 

47 


27 
28 


5 
51-2 


51-4 


A* 
51 


ra. 

-4 


48 
49 
50 


29 

30 


5 3-4 


5 3-4 


51 
52 
53 
54 


31 
32 


6 


6 1-4 


61 


-4 



Stair carpet under yard wide one-quarter cent 
less per yard. 

One-half cent per yard additional for shading 
on all looms; said shading to be all revolving 
box work on Murklaud loom, and block or hand 
shading on all looms. 

Manufacturer's signature, 



54 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



We advertise only what we have, 

and exactly as it is. 






Our Business is to furnish Ready Clothing' to Ladies, 
Gentlemen and Children, Gentlemen's Fine Furnishings and 
Hats and Caps for Men and Boys. We know that to secure 
and hold trade it is necessary to offer only goods of first 
quality at fair prices, and to stand squarely behind every 
transaction between ourselves and our patrons. 

Therefore, we buy nothing- we cannot guarantee, and sell 
nothing we are not ready to take back and return purchase 
money. Many lines of goods we do not accept as offered by 
manufacturers to the general trade, but require them made 
to conform to our knowledge of the needs of our trade. 

Among our specialties are the Rogers, Peet & Co. Suits 
and Overcoats for Men; "Little Giaut" Suits for Boys; B. & C. 
Cloaks, Coats, Capes and Suits for Ladies ; Silk and wash- 
goods Shirt Waists and Silk Skirts for Ladies ; our $2.90 Hat 
(as good as hatters sell at $3.50 to $5,) and our $1.90 Hat 
(as good as auy sold at $2.50); "Star" Shirts for Men ; Shirt 
Waists for Ladies and Boys; our own "Roger Williams" 
Collars, at 13 cents. 

We clothe gentlemen with handsomer, better fitting and 
better made clothing than 75 per cent, of custom tailors can 
make at 25 to 50 per cent, less expense. 



Jerome Kennedy & Co. 



Providence, K. I. 



MANUAL OK REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



55 



PRICE LISTS IN FORCE IN THE WORSTED AND WOOLEN INDUSTRIES 

IN PROVIDENCE, R. I. 



WEAVERS' SCALE, PRICE PER YARD. 



PII KS 


PKICE 














PER IN. 


MILLS. 


PICKS. 


MILLS. 


PICKS. 


MILLS. 


PICKS. 


MILLS, 


30 


GO 


52 


87 


71 


118 


96 


153 


32 


62 


54 


89 


76 


121 


98 


156 


34 


64 


56 


92 


78 


121 


100 


160 


36 


66 


58 


94 


■SO 


12.S 


104 


162 


38 


68 


60 


96 


82 


131 


108 


172 


40 


70 


62 


99 


84 


134 


112 


179 


42 


74 


64 


102 


86 


137 


116 


185 


44 


77 


66 


105 


88 


110 


120 


192 


46 


79 


6.s 


108 


90 


144 


124 


198 


48 


82 


70 


112 


92 


147 


126 


201 


50 


86 


72 


115 


94 


150 


130 


208 



3 mills per shuttle extra per yard for every shuttle over 4. 

10 mills or 1 cent per yard off list for piece dye work. 

10 mills or 1 cent per yard off list on fast looms running over UK) picks per minute. 

Pattern loom weavers $9.00 per week of 60 hours. 

FOR THE BENEFIT OF FOREIGN READERS. 

10 mills equal 1 cent; 100 cents equal one dollar ($1.00) ; 24 cents equal 1 shilling (English) ; 4 shillings 2 
pence equal one dollar ($1.00.) 



LOOM FIXERS' PRICE LIST. 

Section of 17 looms, $2.10 per day. 



18 " 


2.12 1-2 


1'.) 


2.15 


20 " 


2.17 1-2 


21 


2.20 



Dresser tenders, $1.90 per day. 
Drawing-in-hands, 17 1-2 cents per 1000 threads. 



PRICES PAID GINGHAM WEAVERS IN NEW ENGLAND. 



Picks per Picks per 







Yards 


per 


cut, 4 and 6 


cut. 2 box 


of 


Counts 


minute, 4 


minute, 2 


Picks pei 






cut 




box looms. 


looms. 


warp. 


of filling. 


and 6 box 

looms. 

146 


box looms 


inch. 




f Standard, 


47 1 


-2 


37c. 


32 


22 


20 


190 


54 


Lewiston, Me. 


1 Fancy, 


47 1- 


•2 


40c. 


— 


24 


32 


146 


190 


56 




( Seersucker, 


47 1- 


•2 


50c. 


— 


32 


30 


146 


190 


64 




C Standard, 


55 




60c. 


— 


30 


40 


172 





70 


Fitchburg, Mass. 


I Fine, 

1 Fine Goods, 


50 

72 




70c. 
$1.40 


— 


40 
50 


40 
60 


172 
172 





76 
82 




( Fine Extra, 


50 




98c. 


— 


50 


50 


172 





86 


North Adams, 


r Stan'd G.M.C. 


47 
47 
47 




54c. 
43c. 
54c. 


— 


40 
40 
40 


40 
40 
40 


156 
156 
156 





68 
50 
56 


Mass. 






z 






Manchester, N. H. Standard, 



56 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



1 



;&* v=*j^=- / 



Talcott's Wilson Belt Hook. 



LLLILU 




Talcott's Acme Steel Belt Hook. 



/iyy L/LaI (I U JWL 



Talcott's Combination Belt Hook. 



\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ 



M 



s>m 






m ' ■ y 



Talcott's Clinching Belt Hook. 



W. O. TALGOTT, 

97 SABIN STREET, PROVIDENCE, R. I. 

A. HOPKINS 252 GO. 

/"\&cbioi5ts &i7cl Br&ss Founders, 

RASCOAG AND PROVIDENCE, R. I. 



FULLING MILLS, WASHERS, 
REELTTBS, DYE TUBS, VATS, TANKS. 

Bronze and Porcelain Rings, Dye Tubs, Valves, Etc. 



SPINDLES, FLYERS, CAPS, 
TIKES, BOLSTERS, STEPS, ETC. 

For Cotton, Woolen, Worsted, Silk and Flax Machinery. 



EXCELSIOR LOOA\ REED WORKS, 

HHt^ gDAMSOFS FLEXIBLE BEVEL DENT REEDS. 



MADE OF THE FINEST STEEL WIRE SELVEDGES REINFORCED WITH SOLDER. 

ESPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR WEAVING .-. .-. .'. 



I>'r 



CUM 



ie Worsteds, Woaleqs aqd 

THE CHEAPEST REEDS ON THE MARKET 



EDWARD ADAA\SON, Proprietor. 

FACTORY, BROAD STREET, OPPOSITE PASSENGER DEPOT, PAWTUCKET, R, I. 

^TELEPHONE NO. 4328-5. 



MANUAL (IF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



57 



ACREAGE AND PRODUCTION OF COTTON IN 1889 AND 1879 IN THE U. S. 

According to United States Census of 1890 and 1880. 

J-5'-( Ct>rrcsp<>n<liiii) irilli Cam iiirrcial Crop* <</ 1889-90 and 1879-80.) 



Census of 1890. 



STATES. 



Bales. 



North Carolina 
South Carolina 

( Georgia 

Florida 

Alabama 

Mississippi • • • 
Lonisiana . ... 

Texas 

Arkansas 

Tennessee ■ ■ ■ • 

Virginia 

M issouri 

Kentucky 

Kansas 

Indian Territoi 
Oklahoma 

Total 



1.1 17,136 

1,987,469 

3,345,104 

227,370 

2,761,165 

2,883,278 

1,27(1.1. VI 

3,934,525 

1,700,578 

717,171 

39,213 

57,260 

2,629 

731 

70,078 

1,109 



336,261 

7 17.1 '.id 

,191,846 

57,928 

915,210 
,154,725 

C.V.I. ISO 

,471,242 

691,494 

190,579 

5,375 

15,856 

873 

212 

34,1 15 

425 



20,175,270 7, 472, ."ill 



Censi s of If 



Acreage. 



893,153 

1,364,249 

2,617,138 

245,595 

2,330,086 

2, K)C, 21.") 

864,787 

2,178,435 

1,042,976 

722,562 

15,040 

32,116 

2,667 



35,000 



14,480,019 



Bales. 



389,598 

522,548 

814,441 

54,997 

699,654 

963,111 

508,569 

805,284 

608,256 

330,621 

19,595 

20,318 

1,367 



17.000 



5,755,359 



'Indian Territory estimated by Census Office in 1SSO. 

COTTON CONSUMPTION OF THE ENTIRE WORLD. 



Consumption, Bales 

OF 400 LBS. 


Great 
Britain. 


Continent. 


Total 
Europe. 


Total 
United States. 


Total 
India. 


Total 
World. 


1880-81 


3,572,000 
3.640,000 
3,744,000 
3,666,000 
3,433,000 
3,628,000 
3,694,000 
3,841,000 
3,770,000 
4,016,000 
4,233,000 
3,977,000 
3,583,000 
4,040,000 


2,956,000 
3,198,000 
3,380,000 
3,389,000 
3,255,000 
3,465,000 
3,640,000 
3,796,000 
4,069,000 
4,280,000 
4,538,000 
4,524,000 
4,576,000 
4,784,000 


6,528,000 
6,838,000 
7,124,000 
7,046,000 
6,688,000 
7,093,000 
7,334,000 
7,637,000 
7,839,000 
8,296,000 
8,771,000 
8,401,000 
8,159,000 
8,824,000 


2,118.000 
2,197,000 
2,375,000 
2.244,000 
1,909,000 
2,278,000 
2,423,000 
2,530,000 
2,685,000 
2,731,000 
2,958,000 
3,220,000 
3,189,000 
2,830,000 


371,400 

389,600 

447,400 

520,700 

584,800 

630,300 

711,800 

771,670 

870,880 

988,293 

1,155,328 

1,142,619 

1,147,588 

1,199,234 


9,017,400 


1881-82 


9,424,600 


1882-83 


9,946,400 


1883-84.... 


9,810,700 


1884-85 


9,181,800 


1885-86 


10,001,300 


1886-87 


10,468,800 


1887-88 


10,938,670 


1888-89 


11,394,880 


1889-90 


12,015,293 


1890-91 


12,884, 32 -i 


1891-92 

1892-93 


12,863,619 
12,495,588 


1893-94 . 


12,853,234 







SPINDLES IN OPERATION. 





1894. 


1893. 


1892. 


1891. 


1890. 


1889. 




45,270,000 

27,350,000 

17,126,418 

3,650,000 

93,396,418 


45,270,000 

26,850,000 

16,641,000 

3,576,000 

92,337,000 


45,350,000 

26,405,000 

16,286,099 

3,402,000 


44,750,000 

26,035,000 

15,781,000 

3,351,000 


43,750,000 
24,575,00(1 
14,750,000 
3,270,(100 


43,5ihi,ooo 




24,000, 




14,175,000 




2,760,000 






Total 


91,443,099 


89,917,000 


86,345,000 


84,435,000 







58 



MANUAL IIF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS 




M^^mk 



fomflou$e£k 



Baker's P&terjt Pouble flpron Rubbing (Dotious for Condenser Gfcrds 

ARE IN SUCCESSFUL OPERATION ON ALL GRADES OF STOCK, 




We Mancufature Barker's Improved Floor Card Grinders. We Manufacture Barker's Patent Noiselcsi Fast-Sunning Doffing Comb. These 

Machines have been generally adopted because they change the conditions of Carding and Spinning Rooms completely for the better. 
fill!? PlfllM^ Al?F- lst - They nave more Rubbing Surface than any other make of rubber. 2d. On account of their Great Rubbing 
UUA uMIIJ \/ UAL. Power we can turn off more slubbing than any other inake of rubber motion, 3d. Our slubbing being better Rub- 
bed than by the ordinary methods, it is much Rounder and Sounder than any other machine will give. 4th. Our slubbing being rounder, 
closer and sounder.it requires LESS TWIST, and therefore, saves time and labor on the mule. There are no ends to run up on the mule. 
There is less waste made. The spools hold more stock. There is less creeling to be done. The general result being that we obtain a superior 
Yarn and a net gain of from 10 to 40 per cent, more or yarn made from the same number of spindles over any other way of Condensing. 

JA/\ES BARKER, cotton and woolen machine ry, Second and Somerset 5to., Philadelphia, Pa.. 



M\M \ .1 1 I.KI-.MI. HI' TKXTII.K WOUKKRS. 



59 



STATISTICS OF WOOL IN THE UNITED STATES. 



Year 






Total Pro- 


Domestic 


Foreign 


Total 


Retained for 


Per 


Ending 


Production. 


Imports. 


duction and 


Wool 


Wool 


Wool 


Home ( Ion- 


cent. 


June 30. 






Imports. 


Exported. 


Exported. 


Exported. 


sumption. 


Imp'ed 


Pounds. 


Pounds. 


Pounds. 


Pounds. 


Pounds. 


Pounds. 


Pounds. 


Pounds. 


p. c. 


1870 


162,000, » 


49,230,199 


211,230,199 


152,892 


l.Tlo.o.-,:; 


1,862,945 


209,367,254 


23.3 


1880 


232,500,000 


128,131,747 


360,631,747 


191,55] 


3,648,520 


3,840,071 


356,791,676 


35.5 


1881 


240,000,000 


55,96 1,236 


295,964,236 


71,455 


5,507,534 


5,578,989 


290,385,247 


18.9 


1 882 


272,1 ,000 


67,861,74 1 


339,861,744 


116,179 


3,831,836 


3,948,015 


335,913,729 


20.0 


1883 


290,000,000 


70,575, 178 


360,575, 178 


64,474 


1,010,043 


4,074,517 


356,500,96] 


L9.7 


1884 


300,000,000 


78,350,65] 


378,350,65] 


10,393 


2,304,70] 


2,315,093 


396,035,558 


20.8 


1885 


308,000, 1 


70,596,170 


378,596,170 


88,000 


3,] 15,339 


3,203,345 


375,392,825 


18.8 


1886 


302,000,000 


129,084,958 


l:;i ,084,958 


2,138,080 


6,534,426 


8,672,506 


422,412,452 


30.6 


L887 


285,000,000 


11 1,038,030 


399,038,030 


257,940 


6,728,292 


6,986,232 


392,051,998 


29.1 


1 888 


269,000,000 


L13,558,753 


382,558,753 


22,164 


1,359,73] 


1,381,895 


378,176,858 


30.0 


1889 ..... 


265,000,000 


126,487,929 


391,487,729 


1 U,576 


3,263,094 


3,404,670 


388,083,059 


31.7 


1890 


276,000,000 


105,431,285 


381,431,285 


231,042 


3,288,467 


3,519,509 


377,9] 1,776 


28. 1 


1891 


285,000,000 


129,303,648 


105,303,648 


292,922 


2,638,123 


2,931,045 


102,372,603 


31.8 


1892 


294,000,000 


1 18,760,652 


1 12,670,652 


202, 156 


3,007,563 


3,210,019 


139,460,633 


33.6 




303j000,000 


L 72,435,838 


175,433,838 


91,858 


1,218,637 


1,310,495 


171,123,343 


36.2 



The above was prepared by the Bureau of Statistics of the Treasury Department. 

The census report for 1890 gives the following statistics of wool manufactured in the United States in 1890: 
Number of manufacturing establishments, 2,770; capital employed, 8320,417,304; miscellaneous expenses, 819,547,- 
200; average number of hands employed, males, 99,318; females, 106,112; children, 15,657; total, 221 ; 087; total 
amount paid in wages, *76,76S,S71: cost 'of materials used. 8203,095.642; value of products, 8338,231,109. 



IMPORTS OF WOOL AND MANUFACTURERS OF WOOL. 

We present herewith a statement of imports of wool and manufacturers of wool for the 12 
December 31, and also the imports of the previous year. 



months ending 



ARTICLES. 



L'NMAM 1 \\i I I [RED : 

Class one His. 

Class tw< His. 

('lass three t lbs. 

Total manufactured lbs 

MANUFACTURES OF : 

Carpets ami carpeting square yards 

Clothing, ready made, and other wearing apparel, ex- 
cept shawls ami knit goods 

Cloths '. lbs. 

Dress goods, women's and children square yards 

Knil fabrics 

Rags, shoddy, mungo, waste, noils ami Mocks. ...lbs. 

Shawls 

Yarns lbs. 

All others 

Total manufactures 



QUANTITIES. 



Twelve months ending 
Dec. 31. 



1894. 



1893. 



12,931,532 :;o,77.s,:;^7 

898,885 3,884,052 

30,764,990 77,089,989 



14,595,407 111,752,368 



333,623 



7,2] 1,810 
18,183,513 



619,950 



13,603,992 
65,378,267 



142,040 229,583 

4:.o.7'.h'i 965,610 



VALUES. 



Twelve months ending 
Dec. 31. 



L894. 



$2,028,330 

241,493 

2,630,823 

$4,900,646 

784,48] 

711,710 

6,104,793 

7,549,522 

612,484 

4:!,.si:i 

83,391 

280,919 

649.042 

116,853,215 



1893 



$5,573,238 

895,266 

7,485,045 

513,953,549 

1,377. :;os 



(II.-, 
n;n 
283 
233 
7:; 
■2M 
587 
970 



,296 
,529 

.:.:il> 
.674 
.Hi' 
.012 
.:;•.".! 
,364 



$30,238,506 



60 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 

YARN AND CLOTH 



IS THE TITLE OF THE 

« TEXTILE OPERATIVES 





WEEKLY JOURNAL 

NOW IN ITS 

SECOND YEAR, 



IT CONTATNS 

Serial and Short Stories. 

Items of Interest to Mill People. 

Time to time wage Scales of different Textile 

Centres. 
Reaches Carpet, Woolen, Worsted, Silk, and 

Cotton Weavers, Spinners, Carders, Dye 

House Workers and all classes of Textile 

Operatives. 

Iff \>ou want belp, tr\> an Hb.^ 35 ^ 

Iff \>ou want information, tn> a Subscription. 

SUBSCRIPTION: 50 Cents per Year. 



Published Weekly by T. P. CAHILL, 

SAUNDERS BLOCK, - - LAWRENCE, MASS- 



MANUAL OF KF.FFKFM F OF TEXTILE. WORREKS. 



61 



STATEMENT OF. 
United States Cotton Crops and Exports, and the Annual Takings of United 

States Spinners Since 1841. 

(.IN THOUSANDS OF BALES). Average Net Weight Per Bale 450 Pounds. 

FROM SHFPPFRSON'S COTTON FACTS, ^-^m^ 



SOURCES OF COTTON SUPPLY, 

The following is the estimate of Ellison & Co. for 1894-95 : 



1394-95. 









Exports. 


Taken for Home 

Consumption. 


ft > 

O PQ 






Exclusive 


of Railroad Shipments to 


(Canadian Mills 


H 7, ./, 




Total 




Canada. 


not included). 


a j ' 


Season*. 


Commercial 








pa 




Crop. 


To 
Great 

Britain. 


To 




Takings Takings 


- 




Continent 

and 

Mexico. 


Total 

Exports. 


of 

Nor1 hern 

Mills. 


of 

Southern 
Mills. 


a * . 


1841-42 


1,684 


936 


529 


1,465 


268 


li 


16 


1842-43 


2,379 


1.470 


540 


2,010 


325 


1 s 


14 


1843-44 


2,030 


1,202 


427 


1,629 


317 


.§ 


17 


1844-45 


2,394 


1,439 


645 


2,084 


389 


1 " 


16 


1845-46 


2.100 


1,102 


565 


1,667 


423 


' 


20 


1846-47 


1,779 


831 


410 


1.241 


42S 


Jz 


21 


1847-48 


2,423 


1,324 


534 


1.858 


532 


75 


25 


1848-49 


2,840 


1 ,538 


690 


. 2.228 


518 


112 


22 


1849 50 


2,204 


1,107 


483 


1,590 


488 


107 


27 


1850-51 


2,415 


1,418 


571 


1,989 


404 


60 


19 


1851-52 


3,126 


1,669 


775 


2,4 14 


588 


111 


22 


1852-53 


3,416 


1,737 


791 


2,528 


650 


153 


23 


1853-54 


3,075 


1,604 


715 


2,319 


592 


145 


24 


18*1-55 


2.983 


1,550 


694 


2,244 


571 


135 


24 


1855-56 


3,665 


1,921 


1,034 


2,955 


633 


138 


21 


1856-57 


3,094 


1,429 


824 


2,253 


666 


154 


27 


1857-58 


3.257 


1,810 


7S0 


2,590 


452 


143 


18 


1858-59 


4.019 


2,019 


1,002 


3,021 


760 


167 


23 


1859-60 


4,861 


2,669 


1,105 


3.774 


793 


186 


20 


1860-61 


3.849 


2,175 


952 


3,127 


650 


193 


22 


1861-65 


Civil 


War No. 


Record of 


Cotton 


movement. 






1865-66 


2,278 


1,262 


293 


1,555 


541 


127 


29 


1866-67 


2,233 


1.216 


341 


1,557 


573 


150 


32 


1867-68 


2,599 


1,228 


428 


1,656 


800 


168 


37 


1868-69 


2.434 


989 


458 


1,447 


822 


173 


41 


1869-70 


3,114 


1,475 


704 


2,179 


777 


80 


28 


1870-71 


4,347 


2.368 


800 


3,168 


1.072 


91 


27 


1871-72 


2,974 


1,474 


483 


1.957 


'977 


120 


37 


1872-73 


3,874 


1,920 


756 


2,676 


1,063 


138 


31 


1873-74 


4,130 


1,852 


959 


2.811 


1,192 


128 


32 


1874-75 


3,831 


1,833 


841 


2,674 


1.071 


130 


31 


1875-76 


4,632 


2,005 


1,227 


3,232 


1,220 


134 


29 


1876-77 


4,474 


1,994 


1,034 


3.028 


1.302 


127 


32 


18,7-78 


4,774 


2,047. 


1.309 


3,356 


1,345 


151 


31 


1878-79 


5.071 


2,053 


1,413 


3,466 


1,375 


186 


31 


1879-80 


5,761 


2,554 


1,310 


3,864 


1,574 


221 


31 


1880-81 


6,606 


2,832 


1,733 


4.565 


1,713 


225 


29 


1881-82 


5,456 


2,295 


1,256 


3,551 


1,677 


287 


36 


1882-83 


6 9.50 


2,886 


1,838 


4,724 


1,759 


313 


30 


1883-84 


5,713 


2,485 


1,432 


3.917 


1,537 


340 


33 


1884-85 


5,706 


2,425 


1,495 


3,920 


1,437 


316 


31 


1885-86 


6,575 


2,565 


1,771 


4,336 


1,781 


381 


33 


1886-87 


6,499 


2,704 


1,741 


4,445 


1,687 


401 


32 


1887-88 


7,047 


2,814 


1,813 


4,627 


1,805 


456 


32 


1888-89 


6,939 


2,810 


1,926 


4,736 


1,790 


480 


33 


1889-90 


7,297 


2,854 


2,052 


4,906 


1.780 


545 


32 


1890-91 


8,674 


3,345 


2,446 


5,791 


2,027 


613 


30 


1891-92 


9,018 


3,317 


2,541 


5,858 


2,172 


684 


32 


1892 93 


6,664 


2,301 


2,089 


4,390 


1,652 


723 


36 


1893-94 


7,532 


2,861 


2,371 


5,232 


1,580 


711 


30 



Total Bales. 

America 8,248,000 

East Indies 1,100,000 

Other Countries 1,192,000 

Total 10,540,000 

Average Weight 468 

Bales of 400 lbs 12,330,000 



62 



MANDAL OP REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



REID & HUSHES, 

* The 

Popular 

Dry .«. 

Goods 
Store 

^^anzEZg^OF LAWRENCE. 



<!' 



Xawrence ID^e Morfcs. 



h. SJOSTROM & SOR 
Dpers, ffiuisbers an& Manufacturers 



^•WORSTED CLOTHS,-^ 

Lawrence, Mass. 



¥M, flMSLBY & BIO, 



•MANUFACTURERS OF- 



BOSTON OFFICE : 

ROOM 1, 

143 Federal Street. 



* 



ESTABLISHED 1870. 



<fr 



OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS. 



ZIP- APflfllS AND. EfllERflLD STREET?, 

Kensington, = Philadelphia. 



E. FRANK LEWIS, 

WOOL SCOURER, 



Lawrence, 



Mass. 



A. G. HILDRETH. 



W. J. HALL. 



A. G. HH-iftRETH & G0 - 

A\&oufactur«rs of A\<?cl>&r>ics' 



JEREMIAH CLARK, 



-DEALER IN- 



OVERALLS, SHIRTS, 
FROCKS, Etc. 



MACHINERY 



OF VARIOUS KINDS, 

NEW AND SECOND-HAND. 



COTTON & WOOLEN a specialty. 

Can be Seen Here in Our Store-Houses of Over Two Acres of Floorage. 



34 to 44 Sontlrita Si, 



©ffice: 277 SHittcm St. 

OPP. LOWELL MACHINE SHOP. 



Lowell. Mass. 



ESTABLISHED 1860: 



INCORPORATED. 



Br£ (3oobs, 
fllMUtner\> anb 
Garments* 



Philadelphia Pacfe^ Box Con)par)ij, 

■ ■ • • MANUFACTURERS OF ■ • • • 

PHCKING BOXeS 

• 9* —AND— •©• 

' LHPPING BOHRDS. 



NICHOLS St FROST, 



1 52 and 1 54 Main Street. 



Fitchburg;, Mass. 



OFFICE : FA CTOR Y : 

2624 to 2634 American St. j 2623 to 2633 Bodine Street. 
PHILADELPHIA. PA- 



MANUAL OE RBEERBNCB OE TEXTILE WORKERS. 



huddersMd Woollen Manafacturers' and Spinners' Association. 



"WEAVERS' SCALE. 



63 



The following 8ea!o for 18 ttnngs of* . ■ ) *♦»•. p«r fltrn* H*a I- 

lu Shawla not r* :h*n three Shu'i, * will-f i paid far. 

Up io 80 piokB ou Warp# of only ol« cut !o ^ 'id. eitra will Uc 
From 80 tc SO pick-* do. do . " W. ' <k>. 

Above 60 pick/ do. . do. 1 - do. 



loropjled by tha alWe .^jsooiatiou, tod will 

Tb all c 



operation on the 7th day of Hay, 1B88 



11 !. .' r . M | • r siring to lie a.ldcd for every two healds over 1ft, 
^V-avera workup two looms will be paid it per cent., or 7/- in ihe i' lea£frv» Scal^ 
A>' Hatiiagee tra/ied io oe^lipt-Lice will bt- deducted. " 
No luUJtf'TeucawUJ be allowed with learners approved bv Ui« master* 



W. SCHOFIELD, Secrecy 



3VCE3ST. 



LOOMS RUNNING 70 TO 80 PICKS PER MINUTE. 







Fid! 


j WHITE F&CKl>'i*0R8TFD. WOOLLENS. M1XT1..BE 
OR 5OU0 OOLUftBD W0BBTEDB. 


COLORED WOBBTED& 


G.,.,.. 


.tIu."* 






Otw B^i 




- , Two Bauu- 


One Bern 


rVothuii 


" " Oo. Boui. 

about* 






Shnulea. 




Shuul" 


' ShuttlM. ' 


. SLo,u "' 






1 . < ! . , • 




4- . ■ ; i .! J. j 4 ! S | 8 j 4 


' 1 * 


■ • 


""" 


31 .. ' «< 0/0 | 9/« . »/» 


1 9 ' XI,-- U 7*' 


15'.) v,{0 1070 . li.< 


in* 1 isn*"| ii/i* ! iB/io) 


8/8 | 0/0 


' 




a ud Hj '■'-■ ; •• ". ; V" 

| 68 tat 80 ] 10/0"* 10,6 ! 11.0 


ii/a ; Hi,** | 12,3 . 


n/nt>' iwo io,o ii.i i 


li 102, 13 21 I8.B* . |4/«| 


0/0 i «/0 






-U/b-.'j. -U,4 1 l«/9 


18/S ' 10,6 t. ll/l( 


11,7* 


IS/4* 


18/0- 


14/8 


15/0 


9/8 


8A0» 






1 sv ud re- io/« i i- i| ' . - 


.^Ift/U .18.1 ' | IBjIB, 


H/7J ' 11/1| ] 11,0 


13/11 


18/i, 


11/11* 


[ 11/7 


16/6 


0/lOj 


10/8 






•[ 39 4(id 40 | 11/0 | 11.7* ' 18/9 




16/S | 11,71 \ 1S-3 


. 18/10 


13,11 


16/0 


10/1* 


17/0* 


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K,l ,-i .» >V" -J 12/1* 1 '»/« 


'Va u/vH ! i. :o 


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18/8 


14/f. 


16/1 


16/8* 


• 17,7* 


10/10* 


11/8 








43 ud .4 13/0 j 12,7* ] 18/8 


14/3 14/9 .j 16/«| 1 1681 1 12 7*. lS/4% 


142. 


14/11 


16/7* 


17/8 


.322 


11/1* 


u/io* 








43 ud .'■ ' !2/> 18 I) i IB/8 


li ; "a !«/< ' Hi i' -J 1% (8/10J 


14/6 


1C/6 


17 «J 


17/10 


is/0 


U/10* 1 ' 13,1* 








IT ud .• U 


fs/71 ie.ij le/to* a i6/o , i»fl , .. .. 


r . 


16/tf 


18/4* 


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12'. ' IS/I 






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11 ud K' t lift ' \H> I 16/0 


16/1, 1 IT.* 17/0 | *1H,7, H ( -U 


41,? 


16/10* 


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10/0 


io a 


20/10* 


19/» 18/6 








61 ud Si! M/0 -11/8 i 1S/0 


16,7, 17.T" J 1«,TJ : ID.; i;.j 


13/* 


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| '58 ajg B4 ' 14/8 ! 16/3 [ . 18-0 


17, j , 17/10 


10/7 1. l»»t 1 15/8, 


16/1* 


10/10* 


18/0^ j ao/i 


20/10 ■ 


21,11* 


18 ; l./l* 








66 ud ^ ' 16/0 


15/0 1 .16/6 


17 7 t ' 18/«| 


- lOfll 


2070 ■ 16/0 . 


187* 


17/4* 




31/4* 


22 7 


J- :'. 11 10) 








11* ud. 58 


«,'« 


16/4* 1 17/11 


:s/6i^ 19/H 


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10/41 


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•IB 1* 


10/8*) 


21/10 


8S/8J 


21/0 


14/7* ! 18/8* 






60 


GO led 00 


16/0 


16/10* | 17/9 


)»/Oi 1 Jf/» 


,.20/7, ' 


21/11 


16/10* 


17/0 


18/0 . 


20/0* 


• 22/1* 


28/8 


21/8* 


11/1) 


10/0 








11 U.I 0! 


16/6 


"« i r 


i '4H -" I 


SI l\ 


22-1 


'J17/14 


IS/t 


10/8 


SO/B* 


22/11* 


23/10 


So/1 J. 


li/7* 


18/6 


» 






C3 ud 4. 


17/0 


17/10% ' 16/9 




Bl/0 


'S8/0J 


17 10* 


19/101 


10/6 


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22S/0 


21,4* 


2-.B 


16/1) 


16/10) 








66 ud nr, ! 17 a v 
07 i*i {"» 18/0 


JO'S 


; 




22. 


M/H 


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80/3 


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24/ll| 10/8 




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20/0 


. 


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ifl.10. 




" 10,Q • 


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20/6 
26 10 




17.0 


13.0 








7. »d IS 


10/0 


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2J ..« 


Witt ' 21,12 


■221* 




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&/10J 


.6,0 *' 


19/0 








7« a i 7. 


10/6 




•I/O 




.81,11, 










87/11* 


29/5*' 












75 *d 76 


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.,1/6 tt/Q 


«•/« •' 2*/C 


S5/I. • 


' 






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; 






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80 


70 .nd.«0 


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• 




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' 




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81 u.d t-2 




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- 


. 




32 71 




11/4* ■ 


' 






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08/14 


24 1* 


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« 


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85 U.I Hr. i aty-4j j 23/7) j gift. 


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87/< ( 






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90 


«y tm. I» fi.1/T, j M s 


«7,10J 




' sc^H 






87/4* 




B/./10 










VI ud N ' wo | 26/; j 28/6 


• 08/4) 




80/0 












86/1** 


88/0 


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80/1 


81/4 


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27/1* 






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94/11 






pa tad M 


' It 




BlyiT 




«H 
















L,97*ii.--> 44* 

100 f. 






31/101 . 


-.- 


•'•'', 


36/11* 


».: 11) 








as/i f | a-. 5 J. • 






.87/8 . 










10a [ w/« 


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».u 


»!,«» I »8,7 . sni| 1 M.'O | 07/101 t fj :) 








• 








08 


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.| ».„. | W.«| 














10/10J 








losud-y *7/« 




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«n 


, 1 . .; 


8C<1 


n/B* *3o 




.- k 
































r CON 


TIM . 


D ON r 


AGE 6. 


1-1 





C4 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 

SYKES & STREET, IMPORTERS. ~Z*+. 
DYE STUFFS & CHEA\ICALS. 

s ° 1E " f " St. Denis Dye Stuff & Chemical Co., Paris. 

COEZ LANGLOIS & CO., HAVRE, FRANCE. SADLER & CO., MIDDLESBROUGH, ENGLAND. 
35 INDIA STREET, BOSTON. 85 WATER STREET, NEW YORK. 43 NORTH FRONT STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 

L. B. LUITHLEW,^ — w. 

CORNER TAYLiOR AtfD JASPER STREETS, 

Between York and Cumberland, PHILADELPHIA, PA. 

TELEPHONE CONNECTION..-— assssss^ 

E. SEHLBHCH & CO., 

*** 77 MILLIHM STREET, NEJfl£ YORK. 
16 Hamilton St., Boston, 1 1 North Front St. Philadelphia, 161 Kinzie St., Chicago. 



-SOLE IMPORTERS OF- 



Alizarine t and * Aniline * Colors. 



-MANUFACTURED BY- 



"r Hudson River Aniline Color Works, f "• 



MWI VI. Ill- l.-l.l l-.Kl.V I "I llxril.K WORKERS. 



63 



WAGES OF WEAVERS ETC, IN HUDDERSFIELD ENGLAND. 

[CONTINI EI) FROM PAGE SIXTY-THREE.] 



Women 15 per cent, less for Woolens and Cotton Warp. 
20 per cent for White Faced Worsteds, Mixtures and 

Solid Colors. 
25 per cent, less for Single White Worsteds. 
15 per cent, less for 1 Beam Fancies. 
Standard List for 2 Beam Fancies. 



Dyers from 18 shillings to 24 shillings per week. 

Peicers from 6 to 10 shillings per week. 

Feeders 10 to 12 shillings per week. 

Doffers, Little Spinners, | 6 to 12 shilliugs according 
Box Tenders in Worsted, i to age and length of service. 



COTTON HILLS OF BOHBAY PRESIDENCY. 



Figures of 1866 So 1 878 from Government Records, and sine- then from Annual statements of the Bombay Mill Owner*' Associate 



Yeaks Ending June 80. 



1865 
1873 

187* 
1879 
1880 
1881 
1882 
1883 
1884 
1 885 
1886 
1887 
1888 
1889 
1890 
189] 
1892 
1893 
1894 



Nl MI'.l-.K 
OF 

Mills. 



13 
18 

12 

12 
42 
42 
49 
51 
60 
68 
70 
75 
73 
76 
89 
87 
88 
92 
'.17 



Number 

of 
Spindles 

(In Thousands.) 



285 
450 
1,105 
1,147 
1,154 
1,159 
1,238 
1,345 
1,524 
1,650 
1,699 
l,77:i 
1,820 
2,003 
2,351 
2,360 
2,380 
2,499 
2,564 



Number 

of 
Looms. 



3,579 
1,972 
11,544 
12,311 
12,396 
12,510 
13,046 
13,616 
14,299 
14,588 
14,(>55 
l 1,926 
15,564 
16,677 
17.7.",;. 
18,487 
19,117 
21,425 
24,284 



Cotton 

Consi Ml. 1 1 

(In Thousands 

of Bales of 

392 Founds. 



Not recorded 
75 
232 
213 
258 
312 
3 1 5 
354 
413 
466 
180 
542 
5:i7 
668 
752 
893 
849 
S3 7 
873 



Avek lge 
Ni mi-.i 1 01 

Hands 

Employed 

Daili . 



7.:;.'. 7 
12.217 
31,670 
34,482 
35,060 
37,028 
37,567 
40,977 
I 1,900 
51,426 
54,179 
5 1,715 
59,199 
65,586 
73,209 
78,121 
79,951 
83,965 
89,315 



Of the 97 mills at work September 1, 1894, in the Presidency, 67 are on the Island of Bombay and 30 in 

the interior. In addition to the 97 mills at work in the Presidency, 2 were being built in the Island <<( Bombay. 
The modern built mills have been doing well for several years. The consumption of Cotton lias increased .so per 
cent, since 1886, and nearly 350 percent, since 1880. 



gg MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



o 
















pa 






W « LIJ 2 ' 
00 £J_] w 



1.0 




-^ 


RZ 


s 


03 . 


J3T3 




-o a 




/} 




oS j 


A 




£5 





1 oO 

+3 



(X @ w 



00 
W 





£ O^ -ID 

-+ JAMES TAYLOR,*^ 

NEW AND SECOND-HAND 

Knitting Machinery 



835 ARCH STREET, 

PHILADELPHIA, Pa. 



MAM \l OF liEFEUEXC'E OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



67 



COTTON MILLS OF INDIA. 



(From Annual Reports of "Bombay Mill <>ir,i 



Association.") 



Yeai; ending June 30th. 



lsc, l 
1874 
1883 
1884 
1885 
1887 
1888 
1-889 
1890 
1891 
1892 
1893 
1894 



*Inchrdiny 2 mills not completed^ 



Number 

of 
Mills. 



<>< 

79 

87 

103 

114 

124 

137 

134 

139 

141 

e 142 



\l MBEK < > 1 

Spindles. 



338,000 
.Mi:;, ooo 
1,790,000 
2,002,000 
2,1 16,000 
2,421,000 
2,489,000 
2,763,000 
3,274,000 
3,352,000 
3,402,000 
3,576,000 
3,650,000 



Estimated Consumption. 



Per Annum 
( in Bales of 

392 II is.) 



C,.".,000 
111, 000 

457,000 
531, ooo 
597,000 
726,000 
787,000 
889,000 
,008,000 
,179,000 
,166,000 

,171,000 

,222,000 



Average per week 
( in Bales of 

392 IK-..) 



1,250 
2,190 
8,788 
10,212 
11,480 
13,962 
15,134 
17.o;io 
19,393 
22,671 
22,423 
22,520 
23,510 



IMPORTS OF COTTON AND MANUFACTURES OF COTTON IN THE U. S. 



The following is a statement of the imports of cotton and manufactures of cotton for the 12 months ending 
with December, together with imports of the previous year: 



QUANTITIES. 

Twelve months ending 
Dec. 31. 



1894. 



1893. 



32,132,604 -10,116,019 



Cotton and Manufacturers of— 

Not bleached, dyed, colored, stained, painted or printed, 

square yards 1,213,472 2,420,883 

Bleached, dved, colored, stained, painted or printed, 

square yards 30,919,132 37,695,136 

Total square yards 

Clothing, ready-made, and other wearing apparel, not in- 
cluding knit goods 

Knit goods: Stockings, hose, half hose, shirts, drawers, 
and all goods made, fashioned or shaped on knitting 
machines or frames, or knit by hand 

Laces, edgings, embroideries, insertings, neck rufflings, 
ruchings, trimmings, tuckings, lace window curtains, 
and other similar tamboured article 

Thread ( not on spools) yarn, warps, or warp yarn lbs. 

All other 1,089,404 1,240,913 



VALUES. 

Twelve months ending 
Dec. 31. 



§98,973 

3,724,896 

$3,823,869 

2,089,143 

4,806,503 



9,093,058 
427,471 

4,728,585 



8194,032 

4,911,830 

§5,105,862 

1,834,421 

5,881,879 



10,681,789 

537,541 

5.953,642 



Total manufactures 



$24,968,629 §29,995,134 



68 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OP TEXTILE WORKERS. 



1benle\> & Sullivan, 



© © © © 



\0 



^^■—-49 Meetminster Street, <m established 



^^^s^-^r^y 



MEN'S 



SHOES 



IS 



ml 1812— Caleb Arnold, 21 North Main St. 

[f($j 1862— Arnold & Sullivan, 54 North Main St. 

Sjfjl 1878— Arnold, Sullivan & Henley, 15 N. Main St. 

Wm\ 1887 — Arnold, Sullivan & Henley, 

P^ 19 Westm lister Street. 

Wffi 1889— Henley & Sullivan, 19 Westminster St. 



.Providence, r. i. 



CUSTOM ^ READY MADE. 



© © © © 



J. McCAUSLAND,^^ 

paper Co$ Zuhes 



* 



-*^B° Dn — Of Every Description, 



ttubes for Cone TOnoers. 



0/^ 



•^1-33 ■•• CHNHL ••• STREET,** 

TELEPHONE CONNECTION. p,.^.}-,^,,, R , 



J. E. & H. L. BROWN, 

MANUFACTURERS OF 



MACHINE •*• MADE 



* MANILA PAPER COP TUBES, * 



31 A\&tbewsop Street, 

—PROVIDENCE, R. I. 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OK TEXTILE WORKERS. 69 

INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF TEXTILE WORKERS 

HELD IN MANCHESTER, ENG,, JULY 24-27, 1594. 

It is not our duty to report in detail the many bright and happy speeches made by the 
different delegates, nor the little details of business, but to extract from the official reports of 
the delegates from the different countries showing the condition of employment and the rate 
of wages paid in the several countries that our readers may be able to judge for themselves 
and note from time to time that the textile workers gradually come to understand the 
benefits of organization and utilize it as a gigantic lever to advance their interest and secure 
a larger share of the product of their labor. 



OPENING OF CONGRESS. 



At the opening of the conference the chair was taken by Mr. David Holmes (Burnley), 
president of the Legislative Council of the United Textile Operatives of Great Britain. 

Mr. Holmes, in opening the proceedings, said he might be permitted, in the name of 
the 150,000 textile workers in England, to give the delegates a hearty welcome to their city. 
They felt that in inviting them to Manchester the result of their deliberations must be pro- 
ductive of a much better understanding being arrived at between the English workers and 
those in different parts of the world. It was suggested that a chairman from each nation- 
ality should be appointed each day so long as the Congress might sit. It was also suggested 
that votes should be taken by nationalities, and in order to proceed on those lines he asked 
some one to nominate a chairman for that da)'. It had been suggested, in conjunction with 
their foreign friends previously, that the Mayor of Roubaix, M. Carrette, should be the pre- 
sident of the dav. — (Applause.) There would, he explained, be an English vice-chairman, 
but it was thought that their foreign friends should have the honor of presiding each day 
as far as possible. — (Hear, hear.) 

Mr. Mawdsley then moved, and Mr. Allan Gee ( Iludderstield) seconded, that M. 
Carrette be the president of the day. 

The motion was carried unanimously, and M. Carrette took the chair, amid applause. 

M. Carrette, speaking in French, said he thanked the Congress for the honor they 
had conferred upon him in electing him chairman of that assembly, and assured the 
delegates that he would do his best to maintain accord in their sittings. He believed he 
was the faithful interpreter not only of the French delegation, but also of the Belgian, 
Austrians, Danish and Dutch delegates present, in extending to the English organizers of 
the Congress their most hearty thanks for the very cordial welcome given to them on the 
previous dav the moment they reached the walls of the city. 

The Congress verified the credentials of the delegates, and appoint as secretaries, 
Messrs. W. H. Wilkinson and J. Mawdsley. 

It was also voted that Mr. David Holmes be the vice-chairman for the week. 



70 MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 

The membership was declared as follows: 

British 1 50,000 

American 15,000 

French 7)5°° 

Austrian 3 ,000 

Belgian 2 j5°° 

Danish 500 

Dutch 500 

Total 1 79,000 



EXTRACTS FROM THE BRITISH REPORT. 

A report on the English cotton trade was presented by the Legislative Council of the 
United Textile Operatives of Great Britain. It was signed by Mr. David Holmes, presi- 
dent, and Mr. James Mawdsley, secretary, and was read by Mr. Holmes. The report was 
as follows : — 
Fellow Workers: 

In the name of the United Textile Workers of Great Britain we extend to you a hearty 
welcome to our shores. We trust that your stay amongst us may be pleasant to yourselves, 
and that our united deliberations may be productive of great and lasting benefit to those 
of our brethren who have delegated to us the duty of voicing their grievances and 
aspirations. 

The knowledge of the past successes is the best stimulent for our perservering in 
demanding still further reforms. We have reduced our hours of toil from 72 to 56 1-2 
hours per week. But we must not be content with this. Further prizes await us, and we 
are now gathering our forces into line that we may press onward our demand for an Eight 
Hour Day. • 

Of this latter movement it would be difficult to say when and by 'whom it was first 

started, that it has long been a desire of the workers may be inferred from the very old 

couplet which has become a household saying in our land: — , 

''Eight hours work, eight hours play," 

" Eight hours sleep, and eight shillings a day." 

Claim has been put forward by would-be labor leaders, that they were the first to start 

such an agitation some 14 years ago, but, although we do not advance any competing title, 

we know the agitation dates much earlier than 1880. It is recorded that the cotton 

spinners, who were afterwards joined by the rest of the Lancashire textile trades, set up an 

agitation in 1833, for an eight hours day which was partly met by the enactment in 1847, of 

the law which fixed the hours of women and young persons at ten per day. Although not 

provided for under this Act of Parliament, all male adults participated to the full in the 

benefits conferred, as they did under succeeding amendments of the Factory and Workshop 

Act. For a short period of time this restriction of the hours to ten per day, had a pacifying 

effect upon the operatives, but in 1867 we find them again renewing their demand for 

shorter hours, and at a delegate meeting of textile workers held in February of that year a 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. <1 

resolution was adopted "to agitate for such a measure of legislative restriction as shall 
secure a uniform Eight Hours Bill in factories, exclusive of meal times, for adults, females, 
and young persons, and that such Eight Hours Bill have for its foundation a restriction on 
the moVing power." An unsuccessful attempt on the part of the Oldham Cotton Spinners, 
in 1871, to establish a "Twelve o'clock Saturday," led to the formation, on June 6th, 1872, 
of the United Textile Workers Association, under the then title of the "Factory Acts 
Reform Association." With this organization, we at once set out on a campaign for a 54 
hours week, and prosecuted the work with such celerity that in iS 74 we obtained the 
passage into law of a Bill fixing the hours of women and young persons at 56 1-2 per week. 
The following statistics showing the average wages earned in our respective districts 
during the year 1833 and 1893 will illustrate our progress in this direction:— 

L833. 1893. Increase 

per week, per week. per cent. 

S. (1. S. (1. 

Card Boom— Strippers and G-rinders 14 •• 25 .. 4-1 

" — Slubbirig Tenters ) (J 3 ] ~ ,; ■•! 491.4 

u — Drawing Frame Tenters ) 19 <• •• j 

22 6 .. 37 .. 39 1-4 



Weavers — 2 Looms 

-3 Looms 12 6 .. V? !! "i 281-2 



Spinners . 

-4 Looms X " " 21 ° 

' ' — (3 Looms .511) 

Winders 9 6 •• 16 .. 40 1-2 

Reduction. 

Hours worked per week 72 . . nb 1-2 . . ~ l 1-- 

From the above figures it will be seen that, whilst the working hours during the last 
60 years have been reduced 21 1-2 per cent., the all round increase in wages during the 
same period was over 40 per cent. 

We have looked forward to this meeting in the hope that it may usher in a movement 
for our mutual advantage, and that it may be the dawn of a brighter era for the Textile 
Workers of the world. It is in this spirit that we again extend to each of you, and through 
you, to the industrial arm}- you represent, the most cordial greetings of the United Textile 
Operatives of Great Britain, on whose behalf we beg to subscribe ourselves. 
Your fraternally, 

On behalf of the Legislative Council, 

DAVID HOLMES, President. 
JAS. MAWDSLEY, Secretary. 




Compliments of 



GLOBE MACMINE 
WORKS. 

Philadelphia, Pa. 



-Compliments of 



CHAS. WEBB, 



PHILADELPHIA, PA. 



* BESW1CR & KAY, 

MANTJFACTUREBS OF 

WOOL and MERINO 
YARNS. 



o 



FAIRMOUNT SPINNING MILLS, 

25th and CALLOWHILL STREETS, - Philadelphia Pa. 



Established 1830. 



R. SERGESON & CO., 

Manufacturers of all kinds of 

LOOM SHUTTLES, 

Tulip and Palmer Streets, 

Pbil&<delpb>»i Pa. 



Compliments of 



QUAKER CITY 

DYE WORKS,. 

PHILADELPHIA, PA. 



Compliments of * * * 



H. M. HLLEN, 



Philadelphia* Pa. 



Joseph T. Pearson, 



JAMES HUGHES. 



JOHN RUSSUM. 



HUGHES & RUSSUM, 



MANUFACTURER OF 



PACKING BOXES, 

UNDERWEAR BOARDS, 
LAPPING BOARDS, 

HOSIERY BOARDS. 

1815-21 Taylor Street, Kensington, -68-76 Winter Street, 
German town, 

PHILADELPHIA, PA. 



Proprietor? 



Mutual Machine Works, 

t +Buiiders -of Looms, Beaming Machines, &c., 

With all the Latest Improvements. 
OXFORD and HEDGE STS., -- FRANKFORT, PHILADELPHIA. 

Special attention given to repair work, which we will furnish 
promptly and at reasonable prices. Orders by mail will 
prompt attention. 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



73 



LIST OF WAGES FOR DIFFERENT COUNTS: 

Self-Acting Mule 2x600 Spindles. 



Counts 

Wages for 100 Kos. Francs. 



Weekly Produce Kos 2100 

15 



Counts 

Wages for 100 Kos. Francs.. 

Weekly Produce Kos 



5 
3 1-2 



16 
8 1-2 



6 
3 3-4 



1800 
17 



4 1-2 

1500 



5 
1350 



10 
5 1-2 



12 
6 1-2 



13 14 

7 7 1-2 



18 
9 1-2 



20 
10 1-2 



22 
11 1-2 



23 24 

12 12 1-2 



800 



Self-Acting Mule 2x650 Spindles. 



WEFT. 

Counts 32 34 36 

Wages per 100 Kos. francs 12 13 14 

Produce in Kos. a week 250 225 200 

2x 2x 2x 



Counts 

Wages per 100 Kos. francs . 
Weekly produce in Kos... 



19 24 28 

7.5 9 1-2 10 1-2 

370 300 270 

2x 2x 2x 



Average 
Highest 



l Spinner f28.00 : Small piecer f8,00 

I Piecer fl6.00 : "Monteeder" f6,00 

l Spinner f35.00 : Small piecer fl0,00 

\ Piecer fl8.00 : "Monteeder" f8,00 



EXTRACT FROM THE DUTCH REPORT. 

CONDITION OF SPINNERS AND WEAVERS IN HOLLAND. 



In Ameloo, a township of 15,000 inhabitants, no colored goods are manufactured, only 
white or grey goods, as calicoes, cambrics, etc., and wages are even lower than in Hengeloo 
or Enschede. And the employers' reasons for paying such low wa«-es are again foreign 
competition, although their mills are here the largest in the country, each mill having from 
400 to 1,040 power looms — in all 3,200 looms. For the same class of goods wages differ 
according to the mill where one is working, one mill paying fr. 7, another fr. 6, fr. 5.50, or 
even fr. 5 per week of 59 to 63 1-2 hours (5s iod, 5s, 4s jd, or even 4s yd). One of these 
weavers, a first-class man, working on four looms, has made out a list showing his yearly 
earnings for three consecutive years — 

In 1 89 1 he earned fr. 368.69 (or £14 12s 8d). 
In 1892 he earned fr. 3S4.50 (or £15 4s 9 i-2d). 
In 1892 he earned fr. 358.20 (or £14 3s nd). 

Nearly all weavers in grey or white goods are working on four looms, by themselves, 
or aided by a boy. The average wage is from 5 to 6 francs per week (4s 2d to 5s). 

Wages were about 2s 5d higher some 25 years ago (taking the produce into consider- 
ation), and employers lower them more every year. This is not always done openly; they 
cause their men to weave a greater number of yards than they pay for. 



74 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 






m 




The Oak dale Manufacturing Company. 

MANUFACTURERS, PACKERS and EXPORTERS OF 

Fancy Butterine, Butter, Oleomargarine and Lard. 

156 to 176 So. Water 5t., Provi<Ier>ce, R. I., U. S. A. 

^ =a Bazs^^-«5Sss5B SE —- - ESTABLISHED 1830. 

■frPHENIX- IRON FOUNDRY, ^ 

••• ••• ••• PROVIDENCE, R. I. + + + 

Ibeav^ ano Xigbt Castings, (Sreen ano E>n> Sano, HIso Xoom Morfc, 

propeller Wbeels fIDaoe on Sbort motice, Brass (Bastings, IRolIs, Etc. 

Copper Single plates ano IRolls. 

nANUFACTURER5 OF 

Calenders, Starch, Mangles, Calender Rolls of Paper, Cotton and Husk, Bleaching and 

Dyeing Machinery, Printing Machines, Shafting, Pulleys, Gearing, Hydraulic 

Presses, Tenter Drying Machines, Cloth Cutting Machines, Silk L,ace and Cotton 

Finishing Machinery, and Sole Manufacturers of NAGLB POWER FMFD PUMP. 



SEND FOR CATALOGUE. 



CONTENTS. 



Acreage of Cotton in the United States, 

Cotton Mills of Bombay, 

Cotton Mills of India, 

Cotton Manufacturing in Austria, 

Cotton Consumption of the World, 

Cotton Spindles in the U. S. by States, 

Cotton Manufacturing in North Carolina, 

Cotton Manufacturing in Japan, 

Comparison of the Hours of Labor and Wages of 
Textile Operatives of the World, 

Earliest Cotton Mills, 

Extract from the Report of the Textile Workers in 
Austria, 

Extract from the Report of the United Cotton Oper- 
atives Trade Union of Ghent, 

Extract from the Dutch Report, 

General Executive Council, 

Greeting. 

Huddersfield, Eng., Weavers' Scale of Wages, 

International Congress of Textile Workers, 

Imports of Cotton, 

Imports of Wool, 

Knowles Loom Works, 

Limits of Competition, 

Matthew Hart, Portrait, 



PAGE. 
57 
65 
67 
51 
57 
35 
37 
37 



3 

63-65 
-70-71 
67 
59 
21-23 
25-27 



PAGE 

National Union of Textile Workers of America, £ 

Number of Sheep in the U. S. by States, 

Prices paid Gingham Weavers in New England, 

Print Cloth, Highest and Lowest Price, 

Philadelphia Power Loom Weavers' and Manufac- 
turers' Scale of Wages, 

Providence Weavers' Wage Scale, 

Providence Loom-flxers' Wage Scale, 

Richard McGuy, Portrait, 

Rise and Fall of Wages in the Blackburn District, 

Roster of Local Unions, 13-15-17-19 

Scott & Williams, 39 

Statistics of Cotton Manufacturing in the U. S. by 
States, 31 

Statistics of Wool in the United States, 

Spindels in Oneration, 

T. P. Cahill, Portrait, 
" Sketch, 

The World's Production of Wool, 

The World's Wool Supply since 1870, 

Weekly Quotation of Print Cloths and stock on 
hand. 

Weavers Earnings in Lancashire, 

Woolen Cards and Worsted Combs in the U. S. by 
States, 35 



INDEX TO ADVERTISERS. 



A. G. Hildreth & Co., 

A. Hopkins & Co., 

A. Klipstein & Co., 

A. W. Allen, 

American Cap, Tube and Spindle Works, 

American Card Clothing Co., 

American Stave & Cooperage Co., 

Barney Ventilating Fan Co., 

Branson Machine Co., 

Beswick & Kay, 

Brown & Ackroyd, 

Browning, King & Co., 

Burnham & Page, 

Champion Sewing Machine Co., 

Charles Ashoff, 

Chas. F. Angell, 

Chas. S. Bush Co., 

Chas. Webb, 

Chas. F. Taylor, 

Charles Bond, 

Callender, McAuslane & Troup Co., 

Coburn Shuttle and Bobbing Co., 

Crew Levick Co., 

CromptoD Loom Works, 

Curtis & Marble, 

E. Frank Lewis, 

E. Sehlbach & Co., 

Emile Maertens, 

Excelsior Loom Reed Works, 

Fairmount Machine Company, Outside 

Firth & Foster Bros., 

Fiske Bro. Refining Co., 

Fleischmann's Yeast, 

Geo. J. Burkhardt's Sons, 

George Draper & Sons, 

Geo. C. Howard, 

Geo. L. Gage, 

Geo. V. Cresson Company, 

Globe Worsted Mills, 

Globe Machine Works, 

H. W. Butterworth & Sons Co., Inside 

H. W. Ladd & Co., 

Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection Co., 

Harway Dyewood and Extract Manufacturing 

Haworth i Watson, 

Henley & Sullivan, 

Hope Webbing Co. 

Hosmer, Codding & Co., 

Howard Bros.' Manufacturing Co., 

Insigner & Co., 

J. A. & W. Bird & Co., 

J. E. & H. L. Brown, 

J. D. Lewis, 

John J. Keller & Co., 

J. McCausland, 



42 
Insert 
44 
6 
12 
52 
40 
Insert 
16 
22 



Insert 
58 



26 

56 
back cover 
11 
22 
34 
40 

46 

Insert 



Insert 
back cover 



Co., 



68 
Insert 



James Taylor, 

James Barker, 

James Smith Woolen Machinery Company, 

Jeremiah Clark, 

Jerome Kennedy, 

Jerome Kennedy & Co., 

Jos. M. Bradley, 

Joseph T. Pearson, 

John M. Sharpless & Co., 

Kitson Machine Co., 

Knowles Loom Works, 

L. Sprague & Co., 

L. B. Luithlen, 

L. Sjostrom & Son, 

M. A. Furbush & Son, 

M. D. Atkinson, 

Merrimac Manufacturing Co., 

Merrimac Chemical Co., 

Moro Phillips Chemical Co., 

Mutual Machine Works, 

Nichols & Frost, 

Oakdale Manufacturing Company, 

Ph nix Iron Foundry, 

Philip L. Voelker, 

Philadelphia Packing Box Company, 

Phillips & Kunhardt, 

Providence Machine Co., 

Quaker City Dye Works, 

R. Greenwood ,V- Bault, 

R. Sergeson & Co., 

Held & Hughes, 

Roessler * Hasslasher Chemical Co., 

Sawyer, Maiming A Co., 

Schoellkopf Aniline t t Chemical Company, 

Schaum & Uhlinger, 

Scott * Williams, 

Stanley G. Flagg & Co., 

Stanley & Co., 

Sykes & Street, 

Talbot Dyewood and Chemical Company, 

The J. B. Barnaby ( o., 

The Pomroy Coal Co., 

The National Ring Traveler ( o.. 

The Philadelphia Bobbin and Shuttle Co., 

The Worcester Bleach and Dye Works Co., 

Thomas Stewart, 

Thomas Jackson. 

Thomas Devlin & Co., 

W. O. Talcott, 

W. W. Hanna, 

Wm. Pickhardt & Kuttroff, 

Wm. Emsley & Bro., 

Whitinsville Spinning Ring Co., 

U. S. Aerophor Air Moistening and Ventilating Co 

Yarn & Cloth, 



PAOE. 
66 
58 
76 

62 
54 
54 

Insert 

Insert 

50 

10 

Insert 



74 
66 
62 
16 
26 

Insert 
46 

Insert 
62 
34 
32 
30 
Inside front cover 
38-39 



76 



MANUAL OF REFERENCE OF TEXTILE WORKERS. 



GEO. V. CRE5S0N CO., 

P0WER TR/[NSMITTIRB MAeHlNERY. 








I8tb STREET ind ALLEGHANY ftVE., P HILADELPHIA. 

James Smith Woolen Machinery Company 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

*WOOLEN MACHINERY.* 



Burring t\uh'wry G&rding (Ikcbinery (j Spinning AUcrjinery 



BCEEING CYLINDEES, 
METALLIC BEEASTS FOE 

CARDS, 
METALLIC LICKEEINS. 
BUEE PICKEES, 
BUEEING AND MIXING 

PICKEES 
BUEEING MACHINES FOE 

CARDS, 

l .[' METALLIC SELF-STEIPPING 
n FEED EOLLS. 



WOOL CAEDS, WOESTED 
CARDS. 

SHODDY CARDS, 40, 48 and 60 in. 
wide, with Metallic Breasts. 

GABNETT MACHINES, 30, 36, 40, 
48 and 60 in. wide, with Main 
Cylinders 30 ins. diameter. 

GAENETT MACHINES AND 
CAED COMBINED. 

IMPEOVED DOFFEE COMB. 



ENGLISH SELF-OPEEATING 

MULE. 
AMERICAN SELF - OPERATING 

MULE. 

HAND JACKS, RING TWISTERS. 
SPOOLING MACHINES. 
DOUBLING MACHINES. 
WARP SPOOLEES. 



r\ C/"* I /"ITU I rVT/~w Metallic Toothed 

KE^ LU I I! 1 1M U CYLINDERS and ROLLS 
for Cotton, Wool and Worsted Cards; Feed Rolls, 

GARNETT MACHINES, Burring Machines, 
Lickerinas and Breasts for Cards. 



411 to 421 RACE ST., Corner 
CROWN STREET, 

PHILADELPHIA, PENN. 



Bleaching, Dyeing, Drying 

I M I AND till 

Finishing Machinery 

I I I I FOR MM 

Textile Fabrics. 



Singeing Machines (Gas and Plate.) 
Dyeing Machines (Single and Compartments.) 

Drying Machines, with Copper and Tinned Iron Cylinders, and having Verti- 
cal or Horizontal Frames. 
Calenders. 
Mangles. 

Tentering Machines, with clamp or pin chain, of various patterns. 
Hydraulic Presses. 



LONG AND SHORT CHAIN SYSTEMS OF 

WARP DYEING MACHINERY. 

COMPLETE OUTFIT FURNISHED. 



Boiling Machines, Dyeing Machines (Fancy,) Dyeing Machines (Indigo,) 

Bleaching Machines, Doubling Machines, Splitting 

Machines, Drying Machines. 



*H. W. BUTTERWORTH & SONS COMPANY,* 



PHILADELPHIA. 



